restore p p . p , pp p - p /etc/systemid. LOG p , p - , p p p. p - : first handshake complete (p p ) , , - p p p. , , , p. p, , , , . - 12-17 - p p . , p p p p RS-232 - p. , p. - LOG p, p, pp p. p p , p p p p p p Micnet ppp p . "y" , start p pp p p . p , pp- p p . p - p pp, p . Hpp, : rsync: bad Probe resp: 68 , pp rsync p (p 68) p p. p . p p p, p - , (pp, p p, pp p p ). p , pp, - . p p p . p p, p , p p p p. Hpp, - : rx: 29349b 2:22 @16:22 , 16:22 p 29349 (rx). H p p 2 22 . pp p .   stop pp netutil - p . p pp Micnet, p . . - 12-18 - pp - p : 1. pp . 2. : netutil H <Return>. pp - . 3. "5" <Return>. pp - pp, p.  Micnet p Micnet Micnet. p pp netutil. (pp, - p) ppp Micnet p pp. p p p ()  - . p - , p . cp. p p p - mv. p, p p p save restore. p - .  13  UNIX H  13-1 UNIX 13-2 p 13-2 bin 13-2 dev 13-3 etc 13-4 lib 13-5 mnt 13-5 tmp 13-5 usr 13-6 tcb 13-6 13-7 H 13-9 13-9 pp 13-9 p 13-10 p p 13-10  p UNIX. - p p . p , p p, p p, p. p - , , p, (HW). . - 13-2 -  UNIX p pp - p . p  p (/) p : /bin UNIX /dev p /etc pp /lib pp /mnt p (ppp p ) /usr p pp ( p - ) /tcb , TCB (H - ) /tmp p (ppp p , pp) p p . p , p p . xenix, p p p p UNIX. 2 bin bin p UNIX, .. - , p p p . pp pp /bin: basename echo passwd su cp expr rm sync date fsck sh tar dump login sleep restor dumpdir mv stty test /bin - . . - 13-3 - 2 /dev /dev p p, p- pp p. - . /dev . - p, p p . Hpp, /dev/dsk - p p . p- p p- , p UNIX XENIX. , /dev/dsk p p, /dev. p /dev, /dev. . 13.1 p. 13.1 p /dev p p H UNIX XENIX ---------------------------------------------------------------- /dev/console /dev/rdsk/* /dev/r* p ppp /dev/dsk/0s0 /dev/hd00 pp 0 /dev/dsk/0s1 /dev/hd01 p p pp 0 /dev/dsk/0s2 /dev/hd02 p p pp 0 /dev/dsk/1s0 /dev/hd10 pp 1 /dev/dsk/1s1 /dev/hd11 p p pp 1 /dev/dsk/1s2 /dev/hd12 p p pp 1 /dev/dsk/f05d9 /dev/fd048ds9 0 360 /dev/dsk/f05q /dev/fd096ds9 0 720 /dev/dsk/f05h /dev/fd096ds15 0 1,2 M /dev/dsk/f03h /dev/fd0135ds18 0 1,44 M /dev/lp p p /dev/kmem p p /dev/mem /dev/null p - /dev/rct0 p QIC - /dev/rft0 p QIC-40 - /dev/rctmini p /dev/root pp p /dev/swap /dev/ttynn p . - 13-4 - 2 /etc /etc p pp - . , - . /etc/mnttab p /etc/mount p pp /etc/mkfs p pp /etc/init p p p , p , . H . /etc/passwd p /etc/rc p p /etc/rc0 p p p /etc/rc2 p p /etc/ttys Hp p /etc/termcap p pp p /etc/motd /etc/rc1.d /etc/rc2.d p , p /etc/rc2, p p. /etc/default p , p , (. /etc/default(C)). . H . 13.2 /etc/default ---------------------------------------------------------------- /etc/default/archive p sysadmsh(ADM) /etc/default/authsh p sysadmsh(ADM) /etc/default/cleantmp p cleantmp(ADM) /etc/default/backup p backup(C) /etc/default/boot boot(ADM) /etc/default/cron p pp cron(C) . - 13-5 - /etc/default/dumpdir p dumpdir(C) /etc/default/formatr p dormat(C) /etc/default/fylesys p sysadmsh(ADM) /etc/default/goodpw p pp p googpw(ADM) /etc/default/login p login(M) /etc/default/lpd p lp(C) /etc/default/mapchan p mapchan(M) /etc/default/micnet p micnet(M) /etc/default/mkuser p /etc/default/msdos DOS (A:, B:,...) /etc/default/passwd p passwd(C) /etc/default/restor p restore(C) /etc/default/su p su(C) (, p .) /etc/default/tar p tar(C) /etc/default/usemouse p usemouse(C) 2 /lib /etc p p ppp. - . 2 /mnt /etc , ppp p . 2 /tmp /tmp p p , p pp- UNIX. p p p - pp, , pp p pp. , p - pp, . . - 13-6 - 2 /usr /usr p - . p , , - UNIX . /usr/bin p UNIX. p p UNIX. /usr/include p - pp . /usr/lib p p p , p , p p p . /usr/tmp p p . /usr/adm p , - p p. , usr/adm/messages p - , . p p p, pp. Hpp, p pp p pp p. - p, p- . 2 /tcb /tcb p , TCB (H ). p - , p - , p p UNIX. p - pp " " p. . - 13-7 -   p p pp , - p p p p p . p , - p (. p " pp" " "). . 13.3 p ( ) p. 13.3 pp H ---------------------------------------------------------------- /etc/ddate pp ppp /usr/adm/pacct pp ; p p- p p . (. accton(ADM) acccom(ADM)). /usr/adm/message pp , p- p p - p. (. messages(M).) /etc/wtmp pp . (. login(M).) /usr/adm/sulog pp su. , /etc/default/su. / etc/default/su p. (. su). /usr/lib/cron/cronlog pp at cron. /usr/spool/micnet/remote/*/LOG pp p - p Micnet. (*) p, p- . . - 13-8 - /usr/spool/uucp/.Log/utility/sitename/* pp UUCP, UUCP. utility sitename - UUCP - , . /usr/spool/uucp/.Log/.Old/* p p pp- , p p uudemon.clean. . - 13-9 - H  , p, p p - , pp p . p pp p.   p - p, p - , p pp p, , pp . p , mkfs(ADM), mount(ADM) df (C), p, p , p p, p . . 13.4 p UNIX XENIX p pp p. p. 13.4 pp ------------------------------------------ /dev/fd0 0 /dev/dsk/f0 0 /dev/fd1 1 /dev/dsk/f1 1 /dev/hd00 /dev/dsk/0s0 /dev/root p /dev/usr  pp pp p - , , p 1024 . pp 512 , df(C), du(C), ls(C), lc(C) find(C). p pp 1024 p- p 500 , 2 , .. , p - . - 13-10 - 512 . p 40- 1024 39168. , ppp pp . pp , - .  p  p mkfs(ADM) fsck(ADM) , p . . 13.5 p p , p. 13.5 p p ------------------------------------------ ,48ds9 1 9 ,96ds15 1 15 ,135ds9 1 9 ,135ds18 1 18 1 34 p p p p ( 17) - , 2 ( p p - ) p . p p  enable disable p . p install pp netutil. p , p p p . - p - ( p , p p ). -, , dev. , dev/console dev/tty01 dev/tty12 p pp p p pp. p , serial(HW). . - 13-11 - 13.6 p -------------------------------------------------------------- /dev/tty1a ( p p ) /dev/tty2a ( p p ) /dev/tty1 ( p p ) /dev/tty2 ( p p ) 14  ,  14-1 14-2 14-4 14-5 14-9 gettydefs 14-9 gettydefs 14-11 14-13 14-15 14-17 14-19 14-20 mscreen 14-21 14-24 14-25 14-28 14-28 14-28 , 14-30 14-33 14-35 , 14-36 14-37 14-40 / 14-40 Hayes 14-40 - 14-1 -  - , , . . : * ; * , ; * . , . - - . - 14-2 -   - , - . , . , UNIX. " " , - Release Notes ( ), - . , , - . - , , . 1. - . 2. : /etc/mkdev serial sysadmsh : -->  --> 3. : +-------------------------------------------------------- | : | 1. 1 | 2. 2 | 3. 3 | 4. 5 | 5. 8 | 'q' : | <>. - 14-3 - 4. ( - 1 2): +---------------------------------------------------- | : | 1. 1 | 2. 2 | 3. 3 | 4. 4 'h' 'q' . e 'h', , , , / . <>. , mkdev , , . - tty2a tty2A - , tty2A , tty2a . , , . , , - , , - . - . - CMOS, ( cmos(HW)). , - ( ).  , , . - 14-4 -   - , . boot - : 1. boot SYSTTY = x ( ) /etc/default/ boot. 2. SYSTTY /etc/default/boot , boot . 3. , boot tty1a, 9600 , 8 , 1 , - . /etc/default/boot ( '0' - '1' 1): SYSTTY = x systty=x - ( '0' '1' 1). - SYSTTY /etc/default/boot. - 14-5 -   - . , - "- UNIX" - . ( , serial(HW)). - RS-232 enable(). . terminals() User's Reference - . - /etc/termcap, - , , . /etc/termcap - termcap() User's Reference. , , "" - : 1. - . , . 4- 8- , , UNIX. - , - . Release Notes . , - , , Release Notes. - 14-5 - . "" , - mkdev serial . , , . : 1 - 4 2 - 3. - , - 1 2. . - serial(HW) - 1 2. - 14-6 - - , :  /etc/mkdev serial sysadmsh : --> - -> - . 2. , . . 9600 , 8 , 1 , - , XON/ XOFF. , " gettydefs", , stty(C) User's Reference. . . , , " " " " - 2 3. , - . . . - 2, 3 7. - . 3. , <> , login:. - , . , - - 14-6 - (), - : disable ttyname ttyname - - . , - , /dev/tty1a, /dev/tty1A. serial(HW) " - " . - 14-7 - 4. , /etc/inittab (ttyname - , , /dev/tty1a): t1a:2:respawn:/etc/getty tty1a m , . /etc/inittb inittab(F) User's Reference.  , , /etc/inittb , - /etc/conf/cf.d/init.base. , , ( - ) /etc/inittb /etc/conf/cf.d/ init.base. 5. root, - : 2date > /dev/ttyname , , ttyname, - ttynames . , , - : - , ; - , . , , 25- ((DB-25), , 2 . 2, 3 7 ? (, , 2, 3 7 ). 9- (DB-9), (9-25) - . - (9-25)- ; - . 2 ; - 14-8 - - . , ; - , (1 2), , - . 1, . , . . , DOS, UNIX. 6. , : 2enable ttyname enable getty, : login: "login", - , , getty : 2ps -t ttyname , , "login", "getty" "COMMAND": +----------------------------------------------------- | PID TTY TIME COMMAND | () () | 2557 1a 0:06 getty 7. enable disable , , getty . , , , - "" - . - 14-9 -   - . , login (getty()) , - , . , - . Getty login. , - /etc/gettydefs. gettydefs .  gettydefs /etc/gettydefs , getty , - . . . - : label#initial-flags#final-flags#login-prompt#next-label   login [#login-program]  login : label gettydefs getty. . lab