:


             . , 
      ,          
  .    :   ,
    ,   , ...  
      MS-DOS?    .    
,   -  :    ,      ,  
      , ,    -
,        EGA  ,
 ...     VGA,  
 SVGA 800x600, 16 ,     UVGA  1024x768,  256
,  XGA 1280x1024, 16 ...



           .    
 ,  ,    . 
  X-.     -    X
Window,      .      ,  
    ,      .    :
" ", " ",  "  ",
"     ", "  ",
 ..  X-,          -  .
                     ,
,   .      
" X Window".

        , .

     X-.   ,        
   (      -  ,
,      ),    , 
      X Window System.

     X-.  ,  
  .          
 X    X Window System.

     X-.        (,   ,   ,
,  , ,    ),
        X-.  X- 
    Unix- , 
  X    ,      
.     X-terminal  -  ,     
  X ,   .  
PC  MS-DOS,         DOS  ,
 X .

     Xlib  -  C- ,   X
Window  System.              
  - X-.

            .

        GAPI  -  (Graphical  Application
Programming Interface) -    
.         
   ,     .
    X-.

  X Window  ""  :   TCP/IP,
   DEC-net.    X        
,    X- -  .  ,   
 ,  ,     -  
 .

X-     ,  
- .        
      -      X
.           (
    ),    -
,     .

           .

 . . X Window    - ,
, .        -
.     . ( ,    -
).  ,     MS  Windows  Mac,
            X-
.



             X
,      pcat107.foms.msk.ru

  pcat107   :

    xhost +    #  X-    
               #     pcat107

      X- , ,  
       pcat107.       
   :

    xterm -display pcat107:0.0 &



    X-  ,      Xlib.
   ,     -    
  Xlib'.       
toolkit' -    ,    -
    widget'.  Widget  -    X
Window.               -   Window       Gadget
(),      
       . 
widgetow:  "",  "",  "   ", "
",...

  toolkit':

Xaw    -
          Anthena  Widgets.   -,   ,
           .  - . ,  
            xterm, xedit,  xman.   
           Xaw.

xview  -
             ,   -
               Sun- 
          X Window  - "Open Windows".  . -
            ,  "-" (  !),
                 , 
               -  .
             xview , -
           .     DeskSet - 15 -
              OpenWindows,   
           xview,  SunSoft    
           .      -   ($100). 
            -   ($200K)

Motif -
             OSF   
           .     -
          ,   .  -  ,  
           Motif'     -
           MS  Windows (, IMHO,   -
          )

  BSD  Unix V ,  , System V,   -
      Motif.



 Linux  X11   XFree86.
  ,  
xf86config



             .   
    : startx / openwin

        Solaris:

1.   :

OPENWINHOME=/usr/openwin                 export OPENWINHOME
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/openwin/lib         export LD_LIBRARY_PATH
PATH=/usr/openwin/bin:$PATH              export PATH
XAPPLERESDIR=/usr/openwin/lib/app-defaults export XAPPLERESDIR

2.  X Window 

  openwin

        "" Unix':

1.   :

PATH=/usr/bin/X11:$PATH
XAPPLERESDIR=/usr/lib/X11/app-defaults

2.  X Windows 

   startx

        "" Unix' (Unixware).

         ,  Yes  
"  DeskTop".     login'  X  Windows
   .   ,  
No,        X  Windows  
   .



         ,  
  ,  .    ,
   ,   ,      
 /usr/lib/X11  /usr/openwin/lib

             
  :

  $HOME/.Xdefaults
  $HOME/.OWdefaults
  /usr/lib/X11/Xdefaults
  /usr/openwin/lib/Xdefaults
  /usr/openwin/lib/app-defaults/*

       :"

     xrdb -merge .Xdefaults

       (desktop)  -  ..  ,  
   X Windows   :

     Solaris:

  $HOME/.openwin-init
  /usr/openwin/lib/openwin-init

    "" X windows:

  $HOME/.xinitrc
  /usr/lib/X11/xinit/xinitrc

        window-manager'a  -  ..  -    ,
 ,     , ...

     Solaris:

  $HOME/.openwin-menu
  $HOME/.openwin-menu-*

  /usr/openwin/lib/openwin-menu
  /usr/openwin/lib/openwin-menu-*

     Linux

  $HOME/.fvwmrc
  /usr/lib/X11/fvwm/system.fvwmrc


Last-modified: Mon, 08 Aug 2005 07:23:58 GMT

  :