:


Original is at Open Systems Magazine: #5/96
http://www.osp.ru/os/os_6_96/source/20.htm





 
· #6(20)/96 · . 20-26 





 

 " ", 

ira@quest.net.kiae.su











  



 HTML  
    HTTP



  .
JavaScript



    









  



  



   




Java, JavaScript   



  















    World Wide Web   
       . 
   Web       JavaScript
 VBScript.        
      HTML,   
   3.2 [1-8].       
HTML  JavaScript,     
 Web.



 ,    HTML (HyperText Markup Language)
   -  1989      
     World Wide
Web.         
,       ,
    .       
 "begin/end"     
     ,   
      ..



       HTML   
  :



"":= <" " " ">
  </" ">



       ,
 ,    , -   .



     . 
 -    HTML     Internet,
 ,   -    
,     .



      WWW   

 - Universe Resource Locator.    
    :



   <A HREF = "http://polyn.net.kiae.su/ altai/index.html">
   </A>.



  "A",   HTML   (anchor),
  "HREF",   
      URL.     
  "index.html"   "altai"  
"polyn.net.kiae.su",      
"http".



 HTML-      
. ,   -      
"HTML":



<HTML>   </HTML>



  HTML       
(HEAD)   (BODY):



<HTML>
<HEAD>



 



</HEAD>
<BODY>



  



</BODY>
</HTML>



     HTML-, :



 1.



<HTML>
<!-
Author: Irina Kuzina
Date:   December 5, 1996
->
<HEAD>
<TITLE> This is a
        Baner</TITLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY BACKGROUND=www_wall.jpg
        VLINK=0000FF LINK=FF0000>
<CENTER>
<TABLE>
<TR><TD><IMG
        SRC="interne0.jpg"></TD>
<TD CENTER>
<H3> 
        Internet</H3>
<I>  .
        </I>
</TD></TR>
</TABLE>
</CENTER>
</BODY>
</HTML>



   WWW   ,     .
      -.  BODY 
 .         www_wall.jpg,
   1     URL  
    .     , 
  :    .    
 ,     Italic.






 Netscape Communication    
  ,   Microsoft   
  ,      -  ,
 .   -    
       ( ).
        HTML.  
   Web-  .    
       , 
      ,     
  .



      <IFRAME>...</IFRAME>.
    Netscape,    ,
 Microsoft        
 .



       HTML-, 
  HTML-.



  2  ,      
  ,       .
      100 ,   
     :    30%,   
- 70% .      
:   ,    <NOFRAMES>
... </NOFRAMES>,     ,   
   .



 2.



<HTML>
<!-
Author: Irina Kuzina
Date:   December 5, 1996
->
<HEAD>
</HEAD>
<FRAMESET ROWS = "100, *,
        100">
<NOFRAMES>
<BODY>
Sorry, there is not a frame
        support in your browser.
</BODY>
</NOFRAMES>
<FRAME SRC = booter.html
        NAME = boot>
<FRAMESET COLS = "%30, %70">
<FRAME SRC = menli.html NAME
        = left>
<FRAME SRC = t2.html NAME =
        right>
</FRAMESET>
<FRAME SRC = footer.html
        NAME = foot>
</FRAMESET>
</HTML>



  



       -   
   .  ,    
  ,    ,   
   TARGET.    ( 2) 
     ( NAME  FRAME).  
    (left),    
 :



<A HREF = frame.html TARGET = left>



   ,    HREF,  
  left.



        left,   
           . 
    ( 3).



 3.



<HTML>
<HEAD>
</HEAD>
<BODY BGCOLOR=#FFbcbc >
<H1> <A HREF = frame.html target = left> How to create
        a multi-window interface
        </A> </H1>
<h3>
In the document "frame.html"
        there is no frame named
        "left".<br>
That"s why the program will
        open a new window </h3>
</BODY>
</HTML>



       
.



        notleft,
  new.html      right ( 4, 5).



 4.



<HTML>
<HEAD>
</HEAD>
<FRAMESET ROWS = "100,*,100">
<FRAME SRC = t2.html NAME =
        top>
<FRAMESET COLS = "%40, %60">
<FRAME SRC = t2.html NAME =
        notleft>
<FRAME SRC = t2.html NAME =
        right>
</FRAMESET>
<FRAME SRC = t2.html NAME =
        bottom>
</FRAMESET>
</HTML>



 5.



<HTML>
<HEAD>
</HEAD>
<BODY bgcolor = #AF0000>
<A HREF = new.html TARGET =
        right> <b> This is an
        example of loading into
        the right window </b> </A>
<center>
You can do it using the
        TARGET element
</BODY>
</HTML>



        
    Radleg. http://www.polegn.kial.su/redleeg.



       "Help".
        ,   
-   Help,  -    ,  
 -   ""  Radleg    .



 HTML    
  HTTP



    HTML   
    HTTP.    
  HTML -  <META>.   HTTP-EQUIV,
  HTTP -     ,  
  HTTP (  1.0).    
  .    ,   
 HTML       . 
   Refresh   HTTP:



Refresh = ; URL =  <LF>



  META   HTTP-EQUIV,  HTML - 
       :



<META HTTP-EQUIV = "Refresh", CONTENT = "0, URL=ref2.http">



         ,
       .



  6  ,      
  ref2.html.      
         
  .



 6.



<HTML>
<HEAD>
<TITLE> type_Document_ Title_
        here </TITLE>
<META HTTP-EQUIV = "Refresh"
        CONTENT = "0; URL =
        ref2.htm">
</HEAD>
<BODY>
<H1>Document 1</H1>
</BODY>
</HTML>



  . JavaScript



          
    Web.     
  Java Script.



Java Script -      . 
,       JavaScript, 
       -  
  Netscape Navigator    HTML.  Java
Script    , ,   .
         , 
 .      
: onChange, onClick, onLoad  .,     
.



     Java Script,  
  Java Script    Java Script .
 <SCRIPT LANGUAGE= "Java Script"> ... </SCRIPT>
    ,     .   
     ,   
    .    
Java Script  .



    



        WWW. 
 7   ,   :



 7.



<HTML>
<HEAD>
<TITLE>JavaScript</TITLE>
<SCRIPT LANGUAGE =
        "JavaScript">
<!- Hide script from user
adv_string = "Internet\"
status_string = adv_string +
        adv_string + adv_string +
        adv_string + adv_string +
        adv_string
i=0
function background()
        {
window.status = status_
        string.substring (i,i+180)
...
current_date = new Date()
        window.document.form1.
                clock.value = current_
                date.getHours() + ":" +
                current_date.getMinutes
                () + ":" + current_
                date.getSeconds()
id = setTimeout("back
                ground()", 500)
        window.document.form1.
                kuku.value = "number"+i
        }
//This is the end of code
        definition ->
</SCRIPT>
</HEAD>
<BODY onLoad = "background()"
        BACKGROUND=www_wal0.jpg>
<H1>JavaScript</H1>
<FORM NAME=form1 ACTION =
        "new_window()">
<INPUT NAME = clock TYPE =
        text SIZE = 8MAXLENGTH=8>
<HR>
<INPUT TYPE=button NAME =
        help Value = "HELP"
        onClick = "window.open
        ("clock.htm",
        "Clock_Window",
        "scrollbars = yes,width =
        450, height=350") ">.
<HR>
<INPUT NAME = kuku type =
        text>
<HR>
</FORM
<P>
</BODY>
</HTML>



      ( HEAD) 
 SCRIPT.     LANGUAGE   
  .     VBSCRIPT   
   - Navigator      .
        
.      ,   
 .   :



<!- Hide script from user



  :



// This is the end of code definition->



,   ,   open - 
 JavaScript ,     window.  
   Netscape Navigator     .
       . 
,          ,
  onClick   INPUT.



 ,   ,  
JavaScript       .
          
 setTimeout     . ,
-   JavaScript,  setTimeout  
""  .  Windows 3.x  
         
  ,    ""  
    setTimeout .  ,   ,
      -    .
   ,    
  ,       
     .



JavaScript -       
.      - VBScript  
Visual Basic.  ,       Java-,
, , ,      .   
      -
.   ,       
   HTML,    
   ,     
 .  Navigator 3.0       
.






   ,    JavaScript 1.1 - 
.  "Array"   JavaScript 1.1  
   ,  . 
-      ,   
  ,     ,   
  ..       , 
 Array().    :



new_array = new Array()



new_array5 = new Array(5)



colors = new Array 



("red", "white", "blue")



    ,   
 ,        .
     ,    :



colors = new Array()



colors[5] = "red"



       6 ,  
    0.



    : join, reverse, sort. Join 
    ,      
 :



colors = new Array 



("red", "white", "blue")



string = acolors.join("+")



       
string   :



string = "red"+"white"+"blue"



 reverse      ,  
sort     .



    : length  prototype. Length 
  .      
   ,     :



color = new Array



("red", "white", "blue")



n = 0



while(n != colors.length)



{...    



...}



 prototype      . 
     JavaScript   ,
    (Images)   (Links).






   Navigator 3.0  JavaScript  
   Image.      
   :



new_image = new Image()



new_image = new Image (width,height)



       ,
     :



img_array = new Array()



img_array[0] = new Image(50,100)



img_array[1] = new Image(50,100)



....



img_array[99] = new Image(50,100)



  Image  10 ,     
src.       img_array 
   :



img_array[0].src = "image1.gif"



img_array[1].src = "image2.gif"



...



img_array[99].src = "image100.gif"



          ,
           .



      Image    HTML 
IMG,       .    , 
 Image   ,      .
 ,       
  :



<img name=car src=car.gif> <-



document.car.src = "car1.gif"



<form name=kuku>



<img name=car src=car.gif>



</form>



document.kuku.car.src = "car1.gif"



        
  Image        
.   , ,   Image  ,
             
 :



document.images[1].src = "car1.gif"



    Image,  ,   
 ,   :



 8.



<HTML>
<HEAD>
<SCRIPT>
function multi_pulti()
        {
                img_array = new Array()
                img_array[0] = new
                                Image(50, 100)
                ....
                img_array[99] = new
                                Image(50, 100)
                img_array[0].src =
                                "image1.gif"
                ...
                img_array[99].src =
                                "image100.gif"
                n=0
                while(n==0)
                        {
                                document.images[0].src =
                                                img_array[0].src
                                ...
                        }
        }
</SCRIPT>
</head>
<body onLoad="multi_pulti()">
<img src=image1.gif>
</body>
</html>



    ,    
OPTION -     JavaScript.      
SELECT     ,    , 
     .     
  :



document.links[index].href = kuku.html



        .  
         
      -    
  .



        -  .
    OPTION    onChange,  
    submit.     
          .



  



       Area -   
MAP,   client-site imagemap. ,  
    ,   ,  
AREA    .     
       URL,   
.   AREA    ,    
    .



        
 JavaScript,      
.     HREF  A   -
. , ,   onClick    
     ,   URL  
   HREF.   ,     
 ,  HREF = " ".



   JavaScript   void, ,  void, 
    .    
    ,      
,    HREF   :



<A HREF = "javascript: void(0)">kuku</A>



      , 
       .



  



         JavaScript 
       
,     .    
      mail-bombs.   ""
  ,       , 
   : 



window.close(),



 ,   ,   ,   
      . ,   
- ,    . ,   
           ,
     - .



        .   
  opener,       ,
  blur  focus     .  opener
  ,     .
      .   
     ,   ,  
  :



window.opener.[method]



,     - ,   
 close:



window.opener.close()



          
 write  writeln.



        - . 
      JavaScript:



window.opener.document.bgColor = cyan



     -   -
    .



    ,    .
 ,         
   ,    . 
       :



window.opener = new_window



window.opener = null



   -,     
    - .



         , 
    .      
    .     
   - ,   opener    .



         
  blur  focus    .    ,
          focus ,
,       blur.   , ,
         
.



    



  SCRIPT   SRC.    
    ,    
  ,     .    
       ,  
   Web.       
JavaScript.



  SRC   URL.     
 SCRIPT -        .



        
Function,   Function:



new_Function = new Function 



(arg1, arg2, .., argn, function_body)



        ,
      new_Function,   
,     .    
   .



  , Function   ,    .
        
   prototype.



    -   
opener   ,     
     JavaScript.



Java, JavaScript   



    HTML    
 Java   JavaScript-.     
 MAYSCRIPT   APPLET. ,  JavaScript 
  APPLET,       ,  
   .       
- . -        
 .



  JavaScript     Plug-ins, 
   ,     .
  ,    plig-ins   
MIME-.  plug-ins    .



    



    :



  •   ;
    • 


  •  client-site imagemap.
    • 


          ALIGN 
IMG. ALIGN   : TOP, MIDDLE, BOTTOM, LEFT, RIGHT.
 ,   IMG,   
   ,  ALIGN ,   
       .  
 TOP,      -  
     ,   MIDDLE 
        . 
  BOTTOM,     , 
    .  LEFT  RIGHT  
         ,
         .
    


    Client-site imagemap -      
   ,   
HTTP - .   client-site imagemap   
:  image  client-site imagemap   
image   .  :
    


     9.
    


    <HTML>
<!-
Author: HTMLed User
Date:   April 1, 1997
->
<HEAD>
<TITLE>Graphics</title>
</HEAD>
<BODY BGCOLOR = #FFbcbc>
<center>
<h4><img src = html.gif> -
          HTML</h4>
<hr>
<h1>  HTML</h1>
<hr>
<table border=2>
<tr><td><a href = graph1.htm>
        </a>
<td><a href = #img>IMG</a>
<td><a href = move.htm> GIF89a</a>
<td><a href = #map>client-site
        maps</a>
</table>
<hr>
</center>
<a name = map>
<h2>  </h2>
<MAP name = "mymap">
<AREA SHAPE = "RECT" COORDS =
        "6,0,43,34" HREF = #html1>
<AREA SHAPE = "RECT" COORDS =
        "305,0,342,34" HREF = #img>
<AREA SHAPE = "RECT" COORDS =
        "80,0,120,34" HREF = #html1>
<AREA SHAPE = "RECT" COORDS =
        "156,0,194,34" HREF = #img>
</MAP>
<p>
<img src = image.gif USEMAP = "#mymap"><br>
<hr>
<a name = img>
<h2> IMG</h2>
    
          .<br>
<img src=htpdicon.gif><br>
   
          
<p>
<img src = htpdicon.gif align =
        left hspace = 10> HTML 2.0
        Netscape Extensions 
          
           
        align:<br>
<img src = htpdicon.gif align =
        left>
<hr>
<a name = html1>
   
        .
<hr>
</BODY>
</HTML>
    


      9  ,    <IMG SRC
=... USEMAP = ...>,  ,    .
     .   
  <MAP ...>... </MAP>,    
IMG  MAP    MAP.
    


       
    


         TABLE,  
     .  BORDER 
    ,     
.         
. 
    


     TH (Table Header)  TD (Table Data)   
10      ,       
 ROWSPAN -   COLSPAN -  .  
      
,   .
    


     10.
    


    <HTML>
<HEAD>
<title>Versions</title>
</HEAD>
<BODY BGCOLOR = #FFbcbc>
<center>
<hr>
<h1> HTML</h1>
<hr>
<table border = 2>
<tr><TD colspan = 3
        align=center>HTML 1.0
<tr><td colspan = 3 align =
        center> HTML 2.0
<tr><td>HTML+<TD>Netscape
        Extensions <td> Microsoft
        Extensions
<tr><td align = center>HTML
        3.0<BR> (Project) <br>Arena<td align = center>
        Navigator 2.0 <td align =
        center> Explorer
<tr><td colspan = 3 align =
        center>????? HTML3.0 ?????
</table>
</center>
</BODY>
</HTML>
    


    


        HTML    
,      . ,
       WWW. 
HTML  ,        
  ,     -  .

    


    


    [1] Chuck Musciano and Bill Kennedy, "HTML: The Definitive Guide",
O"Reily&Associates, Inc (1996).
    


    [2] html.doc, " Microsoft",  , .
" Microsoft",  5 (1996).
    


    [3] Michael J. Hannah, "HTML Reference Manual" (1996),
http://www.sandia.gov/
sci_compute/ html_ref.html
    


    [4] HTML 3.2. Features at a Glance, http://www.w3.org/pub/WWW/MarkUp/Wilbur/features.html
    


    [5] Netscape extensions to HTML 3.0, http://home.netscape.com/assist/net_sites/html_extensions_3.html
    


    [6] HTML 2.0 Standart, http://www.w3.org
/pub /WWW/MarkUp/html-spec
    


    [7] Using JavaScript in HTML, http://home.netscape.com/eng/mozilla/2.0/handbook/javascript/index.html
    


    [8] Stefan Koch, "Introduction to JavaScript" (1996), http://www.webcom.com/java/java-script/intro/index.htm
    


    

     
· #6(20)/96 

    Bottom Line
    




    Last-modified: Tue, 15 Jul 1997 06:32:49 GMT

      :