A teper' sravnite dve versii odnogo pis'ma i posmotrite, chem vtoroj
variant otlichaetsya ot pervogo.
Dear Mr Fergusson,
With reference to your order for Nashito camcoder we are in receipt of
your check and are returning same.
I beg to inform you that, as a manufacturer, our company sells
camcoders to dealers only. In compliance with our wholesale agreement we
deem it best to refrain from direct business with private consumers.
For your information there are many retailers in your vicinity who
carry Nashito camcoders. Attached please find a list of said dealers.
Hoping you understand.
Yours truly...
Oshibka etogo varianta v tom, chto upotreblyayutsya slova "said" (zdes':
"upomyanutye") i "same" ("ego zhe"), kotoryh voobshche nuzhno izbegat', a vmesto
"deem" luchshe pisat' "believe". Prichastnye oboroty looking forward to your
early reply, hoping to hear from you soon,. thanking you for your interest
NELXZYA ispol'zovat' v koncovke pis'ma. Pishite zakonchennye predlozheniya: We
look forward to your early reply: I hope to hear from you soon: Thank you
for your interest. Teper' prochtem otkorrektirovannyj variant.
136
Dear Mr Fergusson,
We have received your order for Nashito camcoder but unfortunately must
return your check.
As a manufacturer we sincerely appreciate your interest in Nashito.
products. We are therefore enclosing a list of retailers in your community
who carry a full line of our camcoders. Any of them will be happy to serve
you.
Sincerely yours...
Soglasites', vtoroj variant i ponyatnee, i v to zhe vremya vezhlivee.
Napisav We are sorry ili I appreciate, vy sozdaete blagopriyatnuyu delovuyu
atmosferu. Nikogda ne obvinyajte svoego klienta, ispol'zuya vyrazheniya tipa:
"your error/your failure". Esli napisat' Because you have refused to pay
your long overdue bill, your credit rating is in jeopardy, to eto budet
vyglyadet' slishkom uzh agressivno. Vot bolee diplomatichnyj podhod: Because
the $435 balance on your account is now over sixty days past due. your
credit rating is in jeopardy.
Dlya pozitivnoj perspektivy sotrudnichestva sohranyajte estestvennyj ton
pis'ma. Dazhe esli vy zatragivaete nepriyatnye temy, bud'te taktichny i
vezhlivy. V kazhdom pis'me adresat dolzhen videt' vashi dobrye namereniya, i
togda dazhe banditu s bol'shoj dorogi budet priyatno vesti s vami dela.
(SHutka.)
Lyuboe svetskoe pis'mo stanet teplee, esli vy napishete obychnoe "please"
ili "thank you". Vmesto We have received your order luchshe napisat' Thank
you for your recent order, vmesto bezlichnogo Checking our records we
have verified the error in your September bill -- Please accept our
sincere apologies for the error in your September hill.
Vtoraya versiya nashego pis'ma bolee udachna eshche i potomu, chto net
neposredstvennyh pretenzij k tomu, kto eto pis'mo budet chitat'. Vezhlivost'
-- eto, po bol'shomu schetu, oruzhie, i nado umet' im pol'zovat'sya.
Vashe pis'mo dolzhno byt' v pervuyu ochered' orientirovano na klienta. K
primeru, Please accept our apologies for delay yavlyaetsya prosto vezhlivoj
formoj. No We hope you not been seriously inconvienced by the delay daet
ponyat', chto vy proyavlyaete zabotu i uchastie v delah vashego klienta.
Konechno, eto ne znachit, chto sleduet izbegat' mestoimenij "I" i "we", no
uzh esli vy ih upotreblyaete, to uchtite sleduyushchee:
137
pishite "1" -- kogda govorite ot sebya lichno, a "we" -- kogda govorite ot
lica firmy. NE UPOTREBLYAJTE imeni firmy, kak i vyrazheniya "our company" --
vse eto zvuchit neskol'ko napyshchenno, kak esli by otpravitel' vmesto "ya"
postoyanno nazyval sebya polnym imenem...
Vnimatel'nee i ne slishkom chasto ispol'zujte imya adresata v svoem
pis'me. Esli za etim ne sledit', to boyus', chto vashe pis'mo poluchitsya slishkom
snishoditel'nym.
Teper' sravnite eshche dva pis'ma i poprobujte opredelit', chto delaet
vtoroj variant bolee lichnym.
Variant pervyj:
Dear Ms Mitchell,
Having conducted our standard credit- investigation we have concluded
that it would be unwise for us to grant you credit at this time.
We believe that the extant of your current obligations makes you a bad
credit risk.
As you can understand it is in our best interest to grant charge
accounts only to those customers with proven ability to pay.
Please accept our sencere regrets and feel to continue to shop at
Alien's on a cash basis.
Variant vtoroj:
Dear Miss Mitchell,
I am sorry to inform you that your application for an Alien's charge
account has been turned down.
Our credit department believes that because of your current obligations
additional credit might be difficult for you to handle at this time.
Your credit reputation is too valuable to be placed in jeopardy. We
will be delighted of course to reconsider your application in the future
should your financial responsibilities be reduced.
Untill then we hope you will continue to shop at Alien's where EVERY
customer is our prime concern.
Sincerely Yours... POSTROENIE PISXMA
Horoshee delovoe pis'mo dolzhno byt' horosho splanirovano i postroeno. CHto
ya imeyu v vidu? Vam neobhodimo zaranee opredelit' vse, chto vy hotite skazat',
otmetit' samoe vazhnoe, chtoby pis'mo bylo predel'no logichnym, zakonchennym i
dostupnym. Nabrosajte chernovoj variant glavnyh voprosov. Perechislite vse
detali, kotorye vam vazhny. Prover'te svoj chernovik: vse li k mestu? Ved'
adresat dolzhen poluchit' tol'ko neobhodimuyu informaciyu. Dlya luchshego ponimaniya
faktov, prichin i poyasnenij, a takzhe dlya usileniya emocional'nosti mozhno
vozdejstvovat' na klienta i nekotoroj dopolnitel'noj informaciej. Inymi
slovami, govorite vse, chto pomozhet vam poluchit' zhelaemyj otvet. Tol'ko ne
pereborshchite! Starajtes' byt' nemnogoslovnym. Vy dolzhny chuvstvovat', kogda
nado zakonchit' pis'mo. Esli ono, na vash vzglyad, poluchilos' slishkom uzh
korotkim, ne poddavajtes' iskusheniyu zapolnit' chistoe prostranstvo lista ili
Dopolnit' predlozheniya. Oshibkoj yavlyaetsya takzhe povtorenie odnoj i toj zhe
mysli, pust' ona i kazhetsya vam supervazhnoj.
Esli vy uzhe poblagodarili svoego adresata, to mozhete isportit'
logicheskij stroj pis'ma, napisav v konce "Thank you again". Hotya mogut byt'
i isklyucheniya. Vot kak, k primeru, vpolne vezhlivo,
139
taktichno i, ya by dazhe skazal, obnadezhivayushche menya poslali podal'she v
odnoj disneevskoj kompanii, v kotoruyu ya, chetverokursnik inyaza, v svoe vremya
(vot byl nahal!) pytalsya vlezt'.
Dear Mr. Goldencov,
Thank you for sending us your resume regarding our employment
opportunities here at the European Creative Center.
Unfortunately, your candidature does not correspond to any of our
available positions. We will however, keep your name on file for future
reference.
Thank you again for your interest in our company, and best of luck to
you in your job search.
Kindest regards,
Pamela Young
Office Coordinator
Zdes', kak vidim, "thank you" povtoryaetsya dva raza, no, na moj vzglyad,
pis'mo ot etogo ne postradalo. Prosto Pamela YAng v vezhlivoj manere
podcherkivaet: ej, dejstvitel'no, bylo priyatno, chto na kakoj-to tam
francuzskij filial "Disnej Kompani" obratil vnimanie azh sovetskij (delo bylo
v 1990 godu ) student.
YA upominal o tom, chto inogda ne povredit nekaya dopolnitel'naya
informaciya. No tut nuzhno dejstvovat''ostorozhno, chtoby tol'ko lish'
podcherknut', no ne oslabit' glavnuyu mysl'. Inache prilozhenie nekoj
dopolnitel'noj samostoyatel'noj informacii mozhet sbit' s tolku i uvesti v
storonu. Vot predstav'te, chto vy poluchaete pis'mo s davno prosrochennym
soobshcheniem, kotoroe zakanchivaetsya:
Let us take this opportunity to remind you that our August Sale begins
next week with three preview days for our special charge customers.
Izbegajte razlichnyh izlishestv. K primeru:
Because my husband's birthday is October 8 I would like to order the
threepiece luggage ensemble in your fall catalog.
140
V dannom sluchae bylo by vazhnee ukazat' registracionnyj nomer bagazha, a
ne datu rozhdeniya muzha. Ili vot eshche odin primer:
I have received your invitation inviting me to participate in your
annual Conference.
Tak kak priglasitel'nye pis'ma dlya togo i posylayut, chtoby kogo-to
priglasit', to slova inviting me yavno lishnie. Tak zhe oshibochno pisat' the
green-colored carpet ili the carpet that is green in color. -Zelenyj -- eto
uzhe cvet, i ne nado lishnij raz na eto ukazyvat'.
A teper' posmotrite na sleduyushchij obrazec.
If we cooperate together the project will be finished quickly.
"Cooperate" uzhe oznachaet "vmeste", poetomu slovo "together" ne nuzhno. I
voobshche, esli est' slovo, kotoroe zamenyaet neskol'ko slov, to ego i pishite.
Tak, vmesto "as a result" mozhno napisat' "because", a vmesto "as otherwise"
-- "otherwise".
"Razgovornye" pristavki "up/on/off..." ne upotreblyayutsya v delovyh
pis'mah. Pishite ne connect up/continue on, no connect/continue... Ne Mr
Jones handled the job in an efficient manner, a Mr Jones handled the job
efficiently. Koroche i ponyatnee.
Sravnite dva sleduyushchih pis'ma. Obratite vnimanie na nagromozhdenie
lishnih slov v pervom variante i na to, kak prosto izbavilis' ot nih vo
vtorom.
Variant pervyj:
Dear Ms Tompson,
I am pleased with the invitation that'I received from you inviting me
to make a speech for the National Association of Secretaries on June 18.
Unfortunately I regret that I cannot attend the meeting on June 18. I
feel that I do not have sufficient time to prepare myself because I received
your invitation on June 5 and it is not enough time to prepare myself
completely for the speech.
Yours truly...
141
Variant vtoroj:
Dear Ms Tompson,
I am pleased with the invitation to speak to the
National Association of Secretaries.
Unfortunately I cannot attend the meeting of June 18 because I will not
have sufficient time to prepare, I received your invitation on June 5.
I will be happy to address your organization on another occasion if you
give me a bit more notice. Best of luck wth your meeting.
Sincerely Yours
Vybrasyvaya iz pis'ma lishnie slova i povtory, tem ne menee bud'te
vnimatel'ny i ne vycherknite chto-nibud' nuzhnoe. Tak, nekotorye iz zhelaniya
byt' predel'no kratkimi opuskayut artikli "the", "a", "an" i predlogi, a
poluchaetsya vot chto: Please send order special delivery.
Edinstvennoe, chego zdes' dobilsya priverzhenec "telegrafnogo" stilya,
opustivshij artikl' "the" i predlog "by" (chto, uvy, mozhno chasto vstretit' v
zagolovkah anglijskih gazet i zhurnalov), tak eto rezkogo i bezlichnogo
obrashcheniya. A pravil'nee bylo by napisat': Please send the order by special
delivery.
Kogda vy nabiraete delovoe pis'mo na komp'yutere, vsegda starajtes',
chtoby ono umestilos' v ramkah ekrana, polnost'yu .bylo pered glazami klienta.
|to osobenno vazhno uchityvat', esli vy pol'zuetes' elektronnoj pochtoj, gde
zakony delovoj perepiski te zhe.
NIKOGDA ne reshajte v odnom pis'me dve problemy srazu. Esli vashe
poslanie soderzhit "dva yadra", to bud'te uvereny: na odin iz ser'eznyh
voprosov vy, skoree vsego, libo ne poluchite otveta voobshche, libo, v luchshem
sluchae, vam otvetyat chastichno, vskol'z'. Luchshe stavit' voprosy tak, chtoby
vashemu adresatu bylo legche otvechat' na nih (no tol'ko ne odnoslozhnymi
"da"ili "net").
142
Itak, vy uzhe ponyali: delovoe pis'mo dolzhno byt' "odnoyadernym". Esli vy
tol'ko zaprashivaete svoego partnera o vozmozhnosti pokupki u nego video- ili
audioapparatury, to ne sleduet tut zhe predlagat' usloviya postavki onoj.
Luchshe napishite pozzhe eshche odno pis'mo.
ODNA IZ SAMYH VAZHNYH TEM: VASHE TRUDOUSTROJSTVO ZA GRANICEJ
Tut, konechno, vashe pis'mo imeet bol'shoe znachenie. Ot nego mnogoe
zavisit, i vam nado umet' sebya prepodnesti.
Na chto sleduet obratit' vnimanie? V pervuyu ochered' na rezyume, kotoroe
eshche nazyvayut "data sheet" ili "vita", kuda vhodit perechislenie vseh vashih
dostizhenij: kogda i kakuyu shkolu, institut i prochee uchebnoe zavedenie vy
zakonchili i kakoj i gde imeete opyt raboty. Perechislenie uchebnyh ili rabochih
mest, chto vy uvidite na primere, idet po ubyvayushchej: nachinaete s poslednego
mesta raboty i zakanchivaete samym pervym (s ukazaniem dat). Vtoroj vazhnyj
moment -- eto vashe pis'mo-zapros, gde vy -- kak by i prodavec, i tovar
odnovremenno. V vashem pis'me-applications, kak i v rezyume, no uzhe v bolee
razvernutoj forme, vy doveritel'no rasskazyvaete o sebe, o svoem opyte
raboty... Koroche, staraetes' ponravit'sya svoemu adresatu. Applications
byvayut dvuh vidov. Pervyj vid -- eto pis'mo-hodatajstvo. Ego vy pishete, esli
otvechaete na ob®yavlenie kakoj-nibud' firmy. V nem obyazatel'no dolzhna
prisutstvovat' ssylka na ob®yavlenie ili na tot istochnik, gde vy vychitali eto
samoe ob®yavlenie. Vot primer pis'ma-hodatajstva:
143
Rebecca Sprau
2544 South Fruitsnake Road
Land Haute,- Indiana 54267
May 4, 1996
Mr Robert T. Smith, Vice President
Indiana Petroleum and Electric Company
1143 Broad Street
Land Haute, Indiana 47786
April 25, 1996
Dear Mr. Smith,
Having served for the past several years as the sole secretary of a
private business, I would like to apply for the position of executive
secretary which you advertised in the Land Haute Journal, April 24, 1996.
As secretary to the Benlow Corporation here in Land Haute I was
directly responsible to Mr Jordanson, the company's owner. My services were
generally those of a 'gal Friday.' In addition to typing, filing, and taking
dictation, I was responsible for scheduling all the Mr Jordanson's
appointments and telephone-calls.
Essentially, I did everything I could to make Mr Jordanson's heavy
responsibilities easier. Thus I am familiar with the duties of an executive
secretary and believe I am prepared to anticipate and meet all your
expectations.
I would appreciate your giving me the opportunity to discuss my
qualifications in person. I would be happy to come for an interview at your
convenience, and I can be reached after 5, P. M. at 772 1747.
Sincerely Yours
Rebecca Spraut
Vtoraya raznovidnost' application -- eto
"nehodatajstvennoe" pis'mo. Vy ne otklikaetes' na ob®yavlenie, a sami ishchete
rabotu po sovetu ili prosto naudachu. V takom sluchae vashe pis'mo vse ravno
dolzhno
144
soderzhat' ssylku na istochnik informacii, t.e. na togo, kto posovetoval
vam obratit'sya v dannuyu kompaniyu. K primeru:
Dear Sir,
This month I completed a three year course of study Tourism and Travel
at the Bowker Business School, and my placement counselor, Mr. Robert
Pliner, suggested I apply to you for a position as assistant travel agent.
Nu, a v ostal'nom vse, kak i
v pervom pis'me. Teper' davajte rassmotrim, kak
sostavlyaetsya rezyume.
Olga Smirnov
2300 West Fruitbridge Rd.
Send Terre, Indiana 47811
(521) 777 12 48
CAREER OBJECTIVE:
to obtain a position as an secretary with a large corporation.
WORK EXPERIENCE:
March 1995 Secretary, the Benlow Corporation.
to present 620 West Second street. Send Terre, Indiana.
Responsible for general running of the
office of small private firms.
October 1993 to Receptionist, Dr. Mark O' Roum,
March 1995 703 South Fulton Str., Bern, Indiana.
July 1991 to
File Clerk, Ajax Insurance Company,
October 1993 277 Westgage Ave. Berne, Indiana.
EDUCATION:
September 1989 to Judson Secretary School, Berne, Indiana.
July 1991
Courses in typing,. Filing, Gregg
shorthand, and business machines operation.
Central High School, Berne, Indiana.
Diploma, July 1989.
SPECIAL SKILLS:
typing -- 70 w. p.m.
shorthand - 120 w. p. m.
Languages -- French, Russian
145
V podrazdele CAREER OBJECTIVE vy pishete o svoej celi, t.e. o tom, kakuyu
rabotu i gde hoteli by poluchit'. Zatem, kak uzhe bylo skazano vyshe, v razdele
WORK. EXPERIENCE, nachinaya s poslednego i zakanchivaya samym pervym, vy
perechislyaete mesta svoih rabot, t.e. kratko izlagaete svoyu trudovuyu knizhku s
ukazaniem v pravom ili, kak zdes', v levom stolbce, s kakogo po kakoe vremya
trudilis'. Kolonka EDUCATION -- eto, ponyatno, svedeniya o vashem obrazovanii:
ukazhite, chto i kogda vy v svoe vremya s uspehom zakonchili. Esli sluzhili v
armii, to ukazhite i eto pod otdel'nym zagolovkom ARMY SERVICE. K primeru:
ARMY SERVICE
May 1981 to June 1983 private
Esli ne hotite vydelyat' svoyu armejskuyu sluzhbu, to i ne nado. Proveryat'
vse ravno nikto ne budet. Nu, a pod zagolovkom SPECIAL SKILLS ukazyvajte
vse, chto vy umeete delat' i chem mozhete pohvastat'sya: pechatat', po-ispanski
govorit', iz sportivnogo luka strelyat'... V konce rezyume pod zagolovkom
REFERENCE mozhete prilozhit' spisok teh, kto dal vam rekomendatel'nye
pis'ma-harakteristiki s ukazaniem imeni, telefona ili zhe adresa. |to vovse
ne znachit, chto im tut zhe nachnut nazvanivat', sprashivaya: "Kto vy i pravda li
vse, chto napisano?". Prosto vash "referens" budet vyglyadet' vpolne
ubeditel'nym. Vspomnite to, chto ya vam uzhe govoril: vse nashi vazhnye pechati
ochen' chasto ne imeyut dlya amerikancev nikakogo znacheniya. Hotya prisutstvie
pechati, mozhet byt', i nelishne, osobenno esli pechat' stoit pod dokumentom iz
ser'eznogo gosudarstvennogo uchrezhdeniya, posol'stva, konsul'stva...
TEPERX VASHA BIOGRAFIYA
Radi Boga, ne nado pisat' s kancelyarskoj tochnost'yu, v kakom godu i
mesyace vy poshli v shkolu, vstupili v pionery, postupili v institut i tak
dalee. Vse eti suhie statisticheskie dannye uzhe est' v vashem rezyume. Osnovnaya
zhe cel' biografii (esli, konechno zhe, takaya trebuetsya) -- eto prosto
poznakomit'sya s vami poblizhe kak s lichnost'yu,
146
proverit' vashu rech'... Vam zhe nuzhno vsego lish' rasslabit'sya i napisat'
biografiyu v vide rasskaza, izlozhit' svoyu zhizn', vozmozhno, dazhe s shutkami. Ne
zabyvajte, chto u BIOGRAPHY -- te zhe celi i zadachi, chto i u "aplikejshn
form",-- raspolozhit' k sebe togo, kto budet chitat' vashu bumagu. Vot
posmotrite:
I was born in a pretty cozy Bogodukhov town, that is out of Kharkov
city, Ukraine.
As my father military officer we travelled a lot all of Soviet Union
around. So I spent my green years first in East Germany that influenced,on
me greatly (they say I look like a German, joke), then we moved to live in
Siberia where I played an ice hockey, entered the Secondary School and fell
in love with rock music.
After I finished the school, I failed my enter exams to the High School
and joined the Army. Compulsary Army you know.
In two years my military service was over and I' ve been working at the
plant for two years too, and then, in 1986, I've finally entered the Minsk
State Pedagogical Institute(recently Linguistic University) for Foreign
Languages where I have met my real friends, studied English and French, was
going for Archery and founded a local student theater and paper...
YA vam privel primer iz svoej biografii, chto ochen' ponravilas' rebyatam
iz "Rejtera". My privykli pisat' uzh ochen' kazenno i suho, chego, kak vidite,
v dannom sluchae ne trebuetsya.
Teper' o harakteristikah, ili REFERENCE. I vnov'
zabud'te obo vseh nashih sovetskih shtuchkah tipa "Tovarishcha Ivanova ya znayu kak
principial'nogo kommunista, pravil'no ponimayushchego politiku partii i
pravitel'stva...". Harakteristika, kak i inaya dokumentaciya, luchshe
vosprinimaetsya anglichanami i amerikancami, buduchi podana v neskol'ko
igrivom, druzheskom tone. Ne nuzhno byt' mnogoslovnym i skrupuleznym
v faktah. Sleduet podcherknut' dostoinstva i pozitivnyj opyt raboty, vydelit'
opredelennye cherty cheloveka. Koroche, posmotrite sami.
147
REFERENCE June 21, 1994
Ms. Roberta Vasqez
The Vasqez Travel Agency
4765 Broadway
New York, NY 10032
Dear Ms. Vasqez,
I am happy to provide the information you requested regarding Jim Cash,
with understanding that this information will be confidential.
Mr. Cash has been a stock clerk and then a sales assistant in my store
since September 1992. He has always been willing to work odd hours,
including weekends and holidays, and has proven to be a hardworking and
trustworthy employee.
Sincerely Yours,
Brian Muller
Proprietor
|to, po-moemu, ochen' udachnyj primer horoshego "referens". Szhato i vpolne
ubeditel'no.
Sleduyushchij podrazdel pisem-harakteristik -- eto rekomendatel'nye pis'ma.
Oni otlichayutsya ot "referens" tem, chto esli v pervyh vy prosto soobshchaete
informaciyu o cheloveke, kak o horoshem specialiste, to zdes' vy, estestvenno,
rekomenduete ego: v konce pis'ma dobavlyaete ili daete ponyat', chto bez etogo
parnya kompaniya prosto propadet. Nu, primerno tak:
Therefore, I can recommend Mr. Cash, without any hesitation for the
position of your travel agency.
Rekomendatel'noe pis'mo v principe tol'ko etoj detal'yu i otlichaetsya ot
"referens", a tochnee, vashej lichnoj rekomendaciej v konce, kak tol'ko chto
bylo pokazano v primere. I harakteristika, i rekomendaciya dolzhny vklyuchat'
obosnovanie celi pis'ma i perechislenie, po vozmozhnosti, vseh dolzhnostnyh
obyazannostej i vy-
148
dayushchihsya kachestv togo, komu dayut etu harakteristiku ili rekomendaciyu.
Takovy osnovnye principy sostavleniya dokumentacii, kasayushchejsya vashego
trudoustrojstva. My ne zatronuli raznoobraznye ankety. No tam ot vas
trebuetsya tol'ko postavit' krestik ili galochku v nuzhnoj kletochke ili pisat'
tol'ko to, o chem konkretno sprashivaetsya.
PISXMA-ZAPROSY
Lyuboj chelovek, malo-mal'ski zanimayushchijsya biznesom i sotrudnichayushchij s
zagranichnymi partnerami, hochet on togo ili net, pishet massu pisem-zaprosov.
|to pis'ma o chem ugodno: o zakaze tovara, tehniki, o predostavlenii nuzhnoj
informacii i t.d. i t.p. Uchtite: vash takt i vasha vezhlivost' mogut stat'
reshayushchim faktorom sotrudnichestva. Esli hotite, chtoby vas bystro i pravil'no
ponyali, ne zabyvajte uchityvat', chto vash zapros dolzhen byt':
a) kratok i specifichen: tochno po teme;
b) obosnovan;
v) s zakonchennoj akkuratno izlozhennoj informaciej. Sostavlyajte pis'mo
tak, chtoby vashemu adresatu legko bylo na nego otvechat'. Inache... Vot vidite,
chto poluchilos':
Dear Sir,
Please send us information about your office copies so that we will
know whether one would be-suited to our type of business.
Yours truly,
|to tot samyj sluchaj, kogda kratkost' -- ne sestra talanta, a kuda
bolee dal'nyaya rodstvennica. Avtor poslaniya, kak govoritsya, s vodoj vyplesnul
i rebenka. Ni odin amerikanskij biznesmen, poluchiv takoe pis'mo, ne pojmet,
chto zhe imenno klientu nuzhno, kakie konkretno kopiroval'nye mashiny, ego
interesuyut, hotya u firmy, vozmozhno, etih kopiroval'nyh mashin prud prudi.
Edinstvennoe, chto zdes' mozhet sdelat' biznesmen, tak eto prosto vyslat'
klientu katalog vseh imeyushchihsya mashin bez vsyakogo soveta ili ob®yasneniya, chto
i kak luchshe ispol'zovat' (a zapadnye sluzhby tem i otlichayutsya ot nashih , chto
im ne lish' by prodat', no prodat' imenno to, chto pokupatelyu neobhodimo).
Esli uzh vy i prosite vyslat' vam spisok kseroksov, k primeru, to ukazhite,
kakie kseroksy vam nuzhny, s kakim rezhimom raboty, pod kakuyu bumagu, skol'ko
predpolozhitel'no lyudej budet imi pol'zovat'sya i kak chasto... Koroche,
soobshchite vse neobhodimye
149
detali, bez ucheta kotoryh vash kseroks vskore prevratitsya v grudu
metalloloma, a vy budete vozmushchat'sya, chto vam prodali "kakuyu-to ruhlyad'". A
delo-to v tom, chto vy mashinu nepravil'no ekspluatirovali. Ne znayu, kak
sejchas, no ran'she, eshche paru-tropku let nazad, tak ono pochti vsegda i bylo.
Zakupaet predpriyatie oborudovanie, a ono ne. rabotaet, potomu chto pod nego
nuzhny sootvetstvuyushchie materialy libo rabochij-nemec... "Melkie detali" nikto
ne vyyasnyaet, zato potom klyanut vseh i vsya, vot, mol, kakie den'gi na veter
vybrosili. V to zhe vremya vam lyuboj amerikanskij prodavec lazernogo printera
skazhet, chto tu bumagu, kotoruyu vy v nego zakladyvali, printer v zhizn' ne
voz'met, potomu kak ona chut' li ne obertochnaya, a horoshej mashine nuzhna bumaga
horoshego kachestva.
Nu ladno, s kritikoj pokoncheno. Davajte teper' posmotrim pravil'nyj
primer pis'ma-zaprosa.
W&M WILLIAMS & MAHONEY, INC. 1986
Wenson Street, Bronx, New York l0739
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -
April 1, 1995
RFG Manufacturing Agency
4087 Nine Avenue
New York, New York 10056
Dear Sir or Madam,
We intend to purchase a new office copier before the end of the fiscal
year. We would like to conside'r an RFG copier and wonder if you have a
model that suit our needs.
Our office is small, and a copier would generally be used by only three
secretaries. We run approximately 3, 000 copies a month and prefer a machine
that uses regular paper. We would like a callator, but rarely need to run
off more than 25 copies at any time.
We would also like to know about your warranty and repair service.
Since our fiscal year ends June 30, 1995 we hope to hear from you soon.
Sincerely yours,
150
Obratite vnimanie, kak legko adresatu budet otvechat' na eto pis'mo gde
izlozheny vse nyuansy dela po trebuemym kopiroval'nym mashinam. Zdes' dana
chetkaya kartina togo, chto vam nuzhno, i menedzher smozhet bystro i bez truda
predlozhit' vam iskomoe. Voobshche ne stoit postupat' tak, kak sdelala odna
ledi, prislavshaya zakaz na flyuger dlya ee novogo garazha i ukazavshaya lish' cenu
iz kataloga, chto popalsya ej na glaza.
Dear Sirs,
Please send me one of your weather vanes which I saw advertised for
$34. 95. We have recently repainted our garage and a weather vane would be a
wonderful finishing touch.
He nado pisat', dlya chego vam nuzhen flyuger, eto sovsem neinteresno tam,
na toj storone. Opishite luchshe razmery, cvet i drugie neobhodimye parametry:
Dear Sirs,
I have seen your ad in the Boston globe of Sunday, February 21, and
would like to order the following weather vane:
Model EPC-18 eagle with arrow, copper $34. 95.
I would . like the weather vane sent to the above address by parcel
post and charged, with any applicable sales tax and handling costs, to my
VISA account (number 003 0971 A108; expiration date, 3/93).
Yours Truly.
Mnogie kompanii ispol'zuyut dlya zakazov special'nye blanki-formy, gde
vam nuzhno lish' zapolnit' pustye mesta. No tem ne menee vsegda est' kakie-to
momenty, kotorye dolzhny i mogut byt' obsuzhdeny v ramkah pis'ma. Ne zabud'te,
chto vash zakaz dolzhen zatragivat' sleduyushchie punkty:
1. nazvanie tovara,
2. ego nomer (po katalogu),
3. kolichestvo (skol'ko edinic v partii ili skol'ko partij),
4. opisanie (razmer, cvet, ves, material...),
5. cena,
151
6. vozmozhnaya skidka,
7. nalog,
8. sposob oplaty,
9. sposob dostavki,
10. zhelaemaya data dostavki i adres,
11. esli vy otvechaete na reklamu ili ob®yavlenie, to ne zabud'te ukazat'
tot istochnik, gde vy razdobyli informaciyu.
Vot vse bolee ili menee neobhodimye trebovaniya k pis'mam-zaprosam.
DRUGIE PISXMA
Pis'ma vdogonku -- imenno tak ya perevel by, hotya, mozhet byt', i ne
sovsem tochno, pis'ma, kotorye prihodyat k vam uzhe posle telefonnogo ili
drugogo ustnogo soglasheniya s partnerom. Po-anglijski eto
FOLLOW-UP -- podtverzhdenie v pis'mennom vide togo, chto bylo
obsuzhdeno ustno. Na Zapade Follow-up -- eto chto-to vrode akta vezhlivogo
napominaniya o tom, chto dogovorennost' ne zabyta.
October 10, 1994
Ms Christine Salls&Wright
65 Onigus Road
Walker, Minnesota 56743
Dear Ms Salls,
We are pleased that you will be participating in the Ecology Colloquium
sponsored by the Committee to Keep Minnesota Green.
As we discussed in our telephone conversation this morning, the
Colloquium will take place on October 29 in the convention room at the
Blackduck Inn.
The Colloquium will begin with the keynote at 10:30 A. M. At 11:00, you
will join our other guests of honor in a debate on the topic. The Cost Of
Conservation: Public or Private Responsibilities.
Following the debate, luncheon will be served in the main dining room,
where you will, of course, be a guest of the Committee.
Along with other members I am looking forward to our meeting on the
29th.
Sincerely Yours.
Tak chto ne pugajtes', esli spustya edak dve nedeli ili mesyac (primerno v
takom rezhime rabotaet nasha pochta) posle telefonnyh peregovorov s vashim
kollegoj po biznesu k vam pridet pis'mo s davno prosrochennym i kanuvshim v
Letu soglasheniem.
Pomnite, my obsuzhdali, kogda i kak pis'ma pishutsya ot ruki? |to
pozdravleniya ili soboleznovaniya.
V pozdravitel'nom poslanii, kotoroe privoditsya nizhe, vpolne umestna
propis', prichem dazhe s pravym naklonom, chto delaet pis'mo i bolee intimnym,
i bolee prazdnichnym:
Dear John,
Congratulation on your promotion to senior accounts executive. You have
worked hard for Rainbow Consultants and I am delighted that your efforts
have been rewarded.
As you move into your new office and assume the weight of
responsibilities that go along with your new position, please let me know if
I can be of assistance.
Sincerely.
Zdes' mozhno ispol'zovat' poluzakrytyj tip pis'ma. |to pridast vashemu
poslaniyu bolee torzhestvennyj vid. Rukovodstvujtes' temi zhe principami pri
sostavlenii soboleznovanij.
153
I NAPOSLEDOK --
PAROCHKA GRAMMATICHESKIH NYUANSOV
Hochu dat' neskol'ko sovetov, kak, k primeru, ispol'zovat' zaglavnuyu,
ili bol'shuyu, bukvu.
1. V citatah. Kogda vy privodite slova drugogo cheloveka, to vydelyajte
nachalo citaty:
My advisor says, "It is never too late to plan your
career".
2. V voprosah, kotorye vam by hotelos' vydelit' ili na kotorye vy
obrashchaete vnimanie svoego partnera:
The real issue was, What were we to do about the problem?
3. V predlozheniyah, idushchih posle dvoetochiya:
We found a solution: We will do the job ourselves.
Samo soboj, chto vse imena sobstvennye, nazvaniya kompanij,
geograficheskih mest i t.p. pishutsya s zaglavnoj bukvy. A vot to, kak vy
pishete slovo "Yours" posle "Sincerely", principial'nogo znacheniya ne imeet,
kak vy, navernoe, uzhe i sami zametili. Drugoe delo, chto vse pervye i
poslednie slova titula pis'ma, adresa i obrashcheniya (Dear Sir/Sirs) pishutsya
vsegda s bol'shoj bukvy.
CHto kasaetsya znachka &, oboznachayushchego v anglijskom yazyke "and", to
ispol'zujte ego v nazvaniyah kompanij (B&N, Lord & Taylor), no tol'ko
togda, kogda tak prinyato v samoj kompanii.
Drugoj znachok # upotreblyaetsya vmesto nashego No, no amerikancy sovetuyut
ispol'zovat' ego ne v pis'mah, a v razlichnyh tablicah, grafikah. Nikogda #
ne ispol'zuetsya dlya oboznacheniya nomerov domov.
Kak uzhe govorilos', sokrashcheniya nepriemlemy v delovoj perepiske, no vot
razlichnye latinskie sokrashcheniya (oni uzhe ne imeyut v anglijskom yazyke svoej
polnoj rasshifrovki) vstrechayutsya chasto:
cf. -- v sravnenii
e.g. -- k primeru
et al., etc. -- tak dalee
i.e., viz -- to est'
vs -- naoborot
O CIFRAH
Kogda predlozhenie nachinaetsya s cifry, a summa bol'shaya, obyazatel'no
pishite ee slovami: Two hundred sixty yards of wire are needed to complete
this project. To zhe kasaetsya i bol'shih kruglyh chisel: Seven billion dollars.
Ili zhe: $7 billion (vo summa!). Net, vse-taki luchshe pisat' cifru slovami,
osobenno esli dlya etogo trebuetsya odno ili dva slova: six million rubles,
fifty dollars.
154
V ostal'nyh zhe sluchayah, esli chisla mnogoznachnye, pishite ciframi:
$ 56.99
3, 450, 000 dollars ili $3, 450, 000.
Tol'ko ne zabyvajte o zapyatyh. V anglijskom oni stavyatsya, a u nas net.
Nu vot, poka eto vse. Udachi Vam!
SLOVARX
IDIOM, SL|NGA,
USTOJCHIVYH I KRYLATYH VYRAZHENIJ,
naibolee chasto vstrechayushchihsya v Amerike
"Rediska -- nehoroshij chelovek. SHuher -- opasnost'...". Pomnite? |to iz
fil'ma "Dzhentl'meny udachi", gde sbezhavshie iz tyur'my zeki pytayutsya
perestroit'sya s "feni" na normal'nuyu rech' i po prikazu avtoriteta Docenta
sostavlyayut pervyj v svoej zhizni slovar': M-da, ne znaya yazyka, dazhe v
sobstvennoj strane trudno, chto uzh tam govorit' ob Amerike.
YA uzhe pisal, chto solidnye slovari, uvy, greshat otorvannost'yu ot zhizni.
Vse techet, vse izmenyaetsya, i rech' -- pis'mennaya, ustnaya -- tozhe, a toma
slovarej pylyatsya na polkah. Dazhe kogda sostavlyayutsya novye slovari,
proishodit avtomaticheskij perenos slov iz prezhnih, staryh tomov v drugie,
novye, kotorye tut zhe stanovyatsya kak by novymi starymi. Odnako nuzhno li vam
zerkalo, kotoroe pokazyvaet otrazhenie vcherashnego utra? Net. Tak chto dlya teh.
kto uchit zhivoj anglijskij yazyk, prosto neobhodim nebol'shoj, no mobil'nyj
slovarik, kotoryj gotovitsya ne desyatiletiyami, a kuda kak bystree, kotoryj
otrazhaet polozhenie veshchej pust' ne etogo goda, no hotya by goda proshlogo,
kotoryj esli i ne soderzhit akademicheskogo standarta, zato vklyuchaet tot
material, chto nedavno prishel i utverdilsya... Vot ya i reshil predprinyat' takuyu
popytku.
Kogda v moej pervoj knizhke pro amerikanskij sleng vpervye poyavilsya
slovarik, mnogoe iz togo, chto ya sobral, stranstvuya po svetu, ne uspelo v
nego popast'. Teper' zhe, kogda vy derzhite v rukah etu knigu, dolzhen vam
skazat': opyat' u menya sobralos' mnogo novyh slovechek i vyrazhenij. CHto
podelaesh' -- nu ne uspevaet poligrafiya!
A
A p. vysshaya ocenka ili vysshij uroven'.
about timen. v konce koncov, nakonec-to: It's about time you got up,
Johnney! -- Nakonec-to, Dzhonni, ty vstal,-- s uprekom govorit Mik, glyadya,
kak ego drug protiraet glaza posle pervoj pary zanyatij.
156
about to I. okolo, blizko, pochti: They were about to leave when Bill
has come.-- Oni sobiralis' uzhe uhodit', kogda yavilsya Bill; 2. imet'
namerenie, sobirat'sya: You know, the boss was not about to give any of his
staff.-- Znaesh',-- zhaluetsya komissar Le Peshen svoemu naparniku i priyatelyu
serzhantu Majklu Holduinu,-- boss dazhe i ne sobiralsya vydelyat' mne svoih
lyudej.abra-cadabra tak i perevoditsya "abrakadabra", t.e. chto-to neponyatnoe.
Kstati, ansambl' "Bitlz" sobiralsya tak nazvat' svoj znamenityj al'bom 1966
goda "Revolver".
AC/DCadj. biseksual'nyj. Amerikanskij sleng, rasprostranivshijsya v
shestidesyatyh godah i v Anglii. Tak chto avstralijskaya hard-rok-gruppa
"|j-Si/Di-Si" -- eto ne tol'ko "tok peremennyj-- tok postoyannyj".
asep. bratan, luchshij drug. V pyatidesyatyh godah eto obrashchenie osobenno
chasto vstrechalos' sredi amerikanskih negrov i belyh proletariev SSHA. Potom
"ejs" rasprostranilos' i v Evrope: -- Neu, ase! -- Privet, druzhban! V
tennise "ase" oznachaet moshchnuyu podachu, kotoruyu nevozmozhno prinyat'. V kartah
"ase" -- eto tuz. Vidite, "ejs" -- eto chto-to moshchnoe, sil'noe i horoshee. Tak
chto esli vas v Amerike nazyvayut ejsom, to znajte, chto eto ochen' neploho.
asev. obstavlyat', vduvat', uteret' nos, obhodit': Pustynnoe skorostnoe
shosse Kalifornii. "Ford" serzhanta Holduina. Mashina na vsem hodu umudrilas'
radiatorom pripast' k stolbu reklamnogo shchita, edinstvennogo na neskol'ko
blizhajshih mil'. Sam Holduin krichit po racii komissaru: -- Bandity ushli ot
presledovaniya! YA derzhalsya u nih na hvoste! No... These, fucking guys aced
me! |ti rebyatki oboshli menya!acid headp. (sleng narkomanov) narkot, narkoman: -- Do you know Jimmy?
-- Jimmy? This acid head? Sure! I know him! -- Ty znaesh' Dzhimmi?-- Dzhimmi?
|togo narkota? Konechno zhe, znayu.acid rockp. "kislotnaya" rok-muzyka (tipa "Doorz" ili Krisa Ajzeka s
vkradchivym proniknovennym vokalom i klassnoj zavorazhivayushchej melodiej). Kogda
na golovy amerikancev v 1967 godu obrushilsya Dzhim Morrison s gruppoj "Doors",
to v gazetah ego nazyvali ne inache, kak novym |lvisom, a gipnoticheski
zavorazhivayushchuyu muzyku gruppy -- acid rock.actionn. v centre sobytij, na grebne, na volne, v gushche.
action mann. (brit. sleng) geroj, krutizna (v otnoshenii voennyh),
kommandos, profi.
157
actuallyadv. "v nature". CHasto mozhno slyshat' v razgovornoj rechi: I
don't know actually.-- V nature, ya etogo ne znayu.act up i. ploho sebya vesti, barahlit', delat' ne to: -- The engine acts
up.-- Motor chto-to barahlit,-- procedil kovboj Bill, probuya zavesti svoi
traktor.add fuel to the flamev. "podbrosit' drovishek", "podlit' masla v
ogon'", t.e. usugubit': By jumping on John Beth's father only added fuelto
the flame of his daugliter's love to thisguy.-- Postoyannymi "naezdami "na
Dzhona otec Bet lish' tol'ko podlival maslo v ogon' lyubvi svoej docheri k etomu
parnyu.add insult to injuryv. phr. dobavlyat', usugublyat', dokanyvat': In the
beginning of the exercise there was a big storm, then to add insult to
injury our vehicle broke down. -- Serzhant morskoj pehoty Timoti Tshtson
rasskazyvaet pro svoi pervye boevye ucheniya "Refodzher": Vnachale poshel
zverskij liven', a potom vdobavok nasha mashina eshche razbilas'...after whileadj. poka, chao, privet, arrivederchi, gudbaj: -- Af