D SQL ฎเฌ โ ฎฏฅเ โฎเฎข E2 แโเ. ฏฎ D86 E แโเฎช D Eไ ฉซ D hsql E
Dฏเฅคฅซฅญจ๏ E CREATE, DROP, DATABASE, ALTER, RENAME
D ญจฏใซ๏ๆจจ E DELETE, INSERT, UPDATE, LOAD/UNLOAD
SELECT and UNION statements.
Dฎแโใฏ E GRANT/REVOKE, LOCK/UNLOCK, SET LOCK MODE
Dฎแแโ ญฎขซฅญจ๏ E Transaction, Audit trail
Dเฎ็จฅ E CHECK, REPAIR, INFO, OUTPUT, SET EXPLAIN
D E
DDefinition CREATE, DROP, DATABASE, ALTER, RENAME E
D E ฏฅเ โฎเ๋ ฎฏเฅคฅซฅญจ๏ ค ญญ๋ๅ ญฅ ฎโช โ๋ข ๎โแ๏ D E
D E
DCREATE DATABASE E database [WITH LOG IN "pathname" [MODE ANSI]]
DDROP DATABASE E database-name แโ ญค เโ ansi = โเฅกใฅโ
จฌ๏ ขซ คฅซ์ๆ , โเ ญง ชๆจ๏ ฏฎ ใฌฎซ็ญจ๎
DDATABASE E database-name [EXCLUSIVE] แคฅซ โ์ โฅชใ้ฅฉ
DCLOSE DATABASE E
DCREATE E [TEMP] DTABLE E table-name ( column-name datatype [NOT NULL]
[UNIQUE [CONSTRAINT constr-name]][,...] )
[UNIQUE(uniq-col-list) [CONSTRAINT constr-name]][,..]
[WITH NO LOG]
[IN "pathname-directory"]
DATA TYPES
INTEGER SERIAL[(n0)] - ขโฎฌ โจ็ฅแชจฉ แ็ฅโ็จช
SMALLINT CHAR(n) DATE
FLOAT DECIMAL(m,n) DATETIME qualif1 TO qualif2
REAL MONEY(m,n) INTERVAL qualif1 TO qualif2
ฃคฅ qualifier จ {YEAR,MONTH,DAY,HOUR,MINUTE,SECOND,FRACTION(n)}
DALTER TABLE E table-name
{ ADD ( new-column-name datatype [NOT NULL]
[UNIQUE [CONSTRAINT constr-name]][,...] )
| [BEFORE old-column-name]
DROP (old-column-name[,...])
|
MODIFY (old-column-name new-datatype [NOT NULL][,...])
|
ADD CONSTRAINT UNIQUE (old-column-name[,...])
| [CONSTRAINT constr-name]
DROP CONSTRAINT (constr-name[,...]) } [,...]
DCREATE VIEW E view-name [(column-list)]
AS SELECT-statement [WITH CHECK OPTION]
DCREATE E [UNIQUE|DISTINCT] [CLUSTER] DINDEX E index-name
ON table-name (column-name [DESC], ...)
DALTER INDEX E index-name TO [NOT] CLUSTER Cโเฎชจ ข ฏฎเ๏คชฅ จญคฅชแ
CREATE SCHEMA AUTHORIZATION username {create and/or grant statements}
เจฌฅ็ ญจฅ: ฏฎค็ฅเชญใโ๋ฅ ฎฏฅเ โฎเ๋ ญฅซ์ง๏ จแฏฎซ์งฎข โ์ ข 4GL
DCREATE SYNONYM E synonym-name FOR table-name
DDROP INDEX E index-name
DDROP SYNONYM E synonym-name
DDROP TABLE E table-name
DDROP VIEW E view-name
DRENAME TABLE E old-table-name TO new-table-name
DRENAME COLUMN E table.old-column-name TO new-column-name
D E
D Manipulation DELETE, INSERT, UPDATE, LOAD, UNLOAD E
D E
DDELETE FROM E table-name [WHERE condition]
DINSERT INTO E table-name [(column-list)]
{ VALUES (value-list) | SELECT-statement }
DUPDATE E table-name DSET E {column-name ={ expression | (SELECT-st) } [,...] |
{(col-list) | [table.]*} =
{ ({ expr-list | (SELECT-st) } [,...]) | record-name.* }
[WHERE condition]
DLOAD FROM E "file" [DELIMITER "?"] INSERT INTO table [(col-list)]
DUNLOAD TO E "file" [DELIMITER "?"] SELECT-statement D E
D Select The SELECT and UNION statements. E
D E
DSELECT E [UNIQUE] select-list
[FROM { [OUTER] tabname [tab-alias] |
OUTER (table-expr) } [,...] ]
[WHERE condition]
[GROUP BY column-list] [HAVING condition]
[ORDER BY column-name [DESC],...]
[INTO TEMP table-name]
SELECT-statement UNION [ALL] SELECT-statement [. . .]
WHERE conditions:
แข๏ง ญญ๋ฅ ซฎฃจ็ฅแชจฌจ ฎฏฅเ โฎเ ฌจ OR, AND, NOT แเ ขญฅญจ๏
expr rel-op expr ฃคฅ rel-op จง >,<,>=,<=,<>,!=
column-name IS [NOT] NULL
expr [NOT] BETWEEN ... AND ...
expr [NOT] IN (.. , .. [, ...] )
ฏฎ ใฌฎซ็ ญจ๎ "\"
string [NOT] LIKE "่ กซฎญ" [ESCAPE "escape-char"]
แฏฅๆแจฌขฎซ๋ ่ กซฎญ D% E D_ E ฎงญ ็ ๎โ ฆ ง!
string [NOT] MATCHES "่ กซฎญ" [ESCAPE "esc-char"]
แฏฅๆแจฌขฎซ๋ ่ กซฎญ D* E D? E D[ EabH D] E D[^ Ed D- Ez D] E ฎงญ ็ ๎โ ฆ ง! จ ฉ
expr rel-op {ALL | [ANY | SOME]} (SELECT-statement)
expr [NOT] IN (SELECT-statement) !* ก๋ชญฎขฅญญ๋ฉ *!
[NOT] EXISTS (SELECT-statement) !* SQLฅขแชจฉ *!
D E
DAccess GRANT/REVOKE, LOCK/UNLOCK, SET LOCK MODE E
D E
{DBpriv {PUBLIC ฏเ ขฎ ค ข โ์ ฏเ ข
DGRANT E | TO | [WITH GRANT OPTION] [AS grantor]
TBpriv ON table} user-list} ฎโ ็ใฆฎฃฎ จฌฅญจ
{DBpriv {PUBLIC
DREVOKE E | FROM |
TBpriv ON table} user-list}
TABLE PRIVILEGES:
DATABASE PRIVILEGES: ALTER DELETE
INDEX INSERT
CONNECT SELECT[(cols)]
RESOURCE UPDATE [(cols)]
DBA ALL [PRIVILEGES]
DSET LOCK MODE E TO [NOT] WAIT ฆค โ์ /ญฅ ฆค โ์ ฎแขฎกฎฆคฅญจ๏
DLOCK TABLE E table-name IN {SHARE | EXCLUSIVE} MODE
DUNLOCK TABLE E table-name {ฎฆญฎ แฌฎโเฅโ์ | จ็ฅฃฎ ญฅซ์ง๏ }
D E
DIntegrity Transaction, Audit trail E
D E
เฎขฎคจโ์ โเ ญง ชๆจ๎ แ ญฎข๋ฌ LOG ไ ฉซฎฌ
DSTART DATABASE E database WITH LOG IN "/pathname" [MODE ANSI]
DDATABASE E database-name [EXCLUSIVE]
DROLLFORWARD DATABASE E database-name ฎแแโ ญฎขจโ์ ก งใ
DCLOSE DATABASE E จง backup-ชฎฏจจ
DBEGIN WORK E ็ ซฎ โเ ญง ชๆจจ ญจฌ ญจฅ, ขแฅ จงฌฅญฅญญ๋ฅ
. . . แโเฎชจ ซฎชจเใ๎โแ๏!!
DCOMMIT WORK E Koญฅๆ โเ ญง ชๆจจ
DROLLBACK WORK E โช โจโ์ จงฌฅญฅญจ๏ ช ฏเฅค๋คใ้ฅฌใ COMMIT
DCREATE AUDIT E FOR table-name IN "pathname"
. . .
DRECOVER TABLE E table-name ฎแแโ ญฎขจโ์ โ กซจๆใ
DDROP AUDIT E FOR table-name
D E
DAuxiliary CHECK, REPAIR, INFO, OUTPUT, SET EXPLAIN E
D E
CHECK TABLE table-name เฎขฅเจโ์ จญคฅชแ๋
REPAIR TABLE table-name ฅฌฎญโ จญคฅชแฎข
เจฌฅ็ ญจฅ: ฏฎค็ฅเชญใโ๋ฅ ฎฏฅเ โฎเ๋ ญฅซ์ง๏ จแฏฎซ์งฎข โ์ ข 4GL
INFO {TABLES | COLUMNS FOR table-name
| INDEXES FOR table-name | STATUS FOR table-name
| {ACCESS | PRIVILEGES} FOR table-name}
DUPDATE STATISTICS E [FOR TABLE table-name] แจแโฅฌญฎฌ ช โ ซฎฃฅ
DSET EXPLAIN E {ON | OFF} ชซ๎็จโ์ แจแโฅฌญ๋ฅ ฎก`๏แญฅญจ๏
Last-modified: Thu, 12 Feb 1998 08:48:47 GMT