.. - ( ) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- . . () : 1966. ., , 1968. OCR .. mailto:bmn@lib.ru ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1  - , , - , . - , , . - , - , . - . , . " " - , . -, - . ( ) : , , , . " " - , , , , , : ! , . . "" "", , , . , , - , - " "; , : , , , ; ... "", "", " ", " " - - . , , " ", - " , , " . , - . : , . ( " " - " "...) , , - (. : " , ..."). , , - " ". - . XIX : freuet euch! Den Erdenqualen Entging der Dichter Stolz und Preis, Erloschen sind des Sternes Strahlen, Verbluht des Kranzes letztes Reis. Der Morder fiihrte ohne Zagen Den Streich und traf, ach, nur zu gut! Ein leeres Herz kann ruhig schlagen, Verspritzt des Opfers reines Blut. (A. Ascharin) {*} {* Aus russischen Dichtern in deutschen Obertragungen, Halle, S. 115.} . , : , . " " - : " ". - , -. , , , . 2  , , , - . . : " , , , "", " {. . . ., , 1963, . 320.}. , , . 84- : , , ? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , . , . ( . ) 130- , , - , - , , - . My mistress' eyes are nothing like the sun; Coral is far more red than her lips' red; If snow be white, why then her breasts are dun; If hairs be wires, black wires grow on her head. I have seen roses damask'd, red and white, But no such roses see I in her cheeks... . : , , , . , , ... ; , , " ": And yet, by heaven, I think my love as rare As any she belied with false compare. , . , , : My lady's hair is threads of beaten gold, Her front the purest crystal eye hath seen, Her eyes the brightest stars the heavens hold, Her chegks red roses such as seld have been. 130- , , {. . " " .: W. Shaksr, Sonnets. Progress Publishers, Moscow, 1965, p. 200-202.}. 130- , , " ", ( " "), : " " " , , " {P. . . ., "", 1964, . 85.}. , , . ("... " - , . 76). , - . - . XIX - , . , 40-50- , . , - : " ", . , , : ... ; , . ... , , ! ("", 1883) - , , , , , . , , - . , , 80- , , - . . . 27-, . 1880 : , , , ; , , . , , , , , , , . , , , , , . - , {*}. {* . ., 1880, . 27.} , 1889 , 27- , , : , , , ; : , ! ( , ) , , , , , , , , , . , , ... {*} {* . . . . . ., 1889, . 228.} . , . , 27- , , : , , . , - - . , , , , . , . , . . - . - . , , , , - , - , - , " ". . , , , , - . " ": . . . , , . : - ! - , , . - (" "), (""), (" , , "). , , , , , , , , , , , . . . , , XIX . - , , , - . . - . , , . . . : " " , . , . , , , , XX . , , , . : 40-60- , , . 3  . : , , - , , . , . , , , , . ? - , , , - , . , . , - 73-, . : That time of year thou mayst in me behold When yellow leaves, or none, or few, do hang Upon those boughs, which shake against the cold, Bare ruin'd choirs, where late the sweet birds sang. In me thou see'st the twilight of such day As after sunset fadeth in the west, Which by and by black night doth take away, Death's second self, that seals up all in rest. In me thou see'st the glowing of such fire That on the ashes of his youth doth lie, As the death-bed whereon it must expire Consumed with that which it was nourish'd by. This thou perceivest, which makes thy love more strong, To love that well which thou must leave ere long. . , . . (1902-1904), , , , , : , , , , , , . , , . - , . ... , . . , , ... {*} {* . " ", 1902, 9, . 98.} , , , . , : "... ", " ... ", " ", " ", " ". : , - - , . , , , - . , , , , . . ! "the sweet birds" - ", ": ( , " "). , , : "...the twilight... As after sunset fadeth in the west, Which by and by black night doth take away" - " , , , ..." , : "... ..." - - , . , : ( - : . 67), . : . : . . ; -, , : , , . , , 73- : , , , , . , , , , . , , , , , , . , , : , {*}. {* . " ", 1938, 8, . 49; . . " ". ., " ", 1940.} , ("sweet birds") (" ", " "), , - , 73- . , , , . , "" , ; - "" ", , ; , , , " (" ", . III, . 14), , ". .". "" - : , , - "", "". , , , , - . " ", , XX : " () " ( , "seals up"!). , (""), . , - . . : 1) , , , ; 2) , , , , , , . , . , , , . . : " , , . , , " {. . ? ( ). . " ". ., " ", 1964, . 235. }. , , , , - (, , - ) , -, . , , XX . , , , , - , , . , . , . 4  , - . ( - 1859 1876 ). . . (1880 - ) . (1889 - 16 ), 1914 - . . , . , . ( 57, 58, 59, 60), , . -, . , . , . . , . , . . . , 14- 31- , . {. . . ., 1880; , . . " ". ., 1889; " ", "". ., 1912; . . . ., 1914; , . V. ., . , 1905. . . . " ", . " , ". ., "", 1964, . 415.}. . - . 60-: Like as the waves make towards the pebbled shore, So do our minutes hasten to their end; Each changing place with that which goes before, In sequent toil all forwards do contend. Nativity, once in the main of light, Crawls to maturity, wherewith being crown'd, Crooked eclipses 'gainst his glory fight, And Time that gave doth now his gift confound. Time doth transfix the flourish set on youth, And delves the parallels in beauty's brow, Feeds on the rarities of nature's truth, And nothing stands but for his scythe to mow: And yet to times in hope my verse shall stand, Praising thy worth, despite hjs cruel hand. : , , , - ! ; , . , , , , , , , . , , . . , , , . 5-8 , ; , ; : " , " - . , . : Time doth transfix the flourish set on youth And delves the parallels in beauty's brow... : , , , ... , , . , : , , , . , , , . . , , . , ! - . , . . , - . , 55, , 60-, . : , , , , . , , , , , . , , - , . , , . ("... "), - . , "", - " ". , , "" , , : , , , . . - ; : ...your praise shall still find room Even in the eyes of all posterity That wear this world out to the ending doom. , " ". "this powerful rhyme" - " , ". , . : , , ! , - ! , , - , ! , ; , ; , , , , , , . . , : " ", " ", " ", " " . : "... ", - . . , , , , , - . 55- : , . . , . (When wasteful war shall statues overturn, And broils root out the work of masonry...) . , . , , . , , , . (So, till the judgment that yourself arise, You live in this, and dwell in lovers' eyes.) , " " . , . , - , , , , , - . , , - , , - , . . , . , , , XVI ( : , , , - ). , , , _ , , , _, -. " ", - , , - : "...posterity that wear this world out to the ending doom" - , , . , "This powerful rhyme" ( ) . . ( . ), "",