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3.

- .

, "" Linux . , , , . , . .

.

3.1 Linux

Linux - . , . .

, : console-tools (. consoletools) kbd (. kbd).

Linux kbd , kbd consoletools. - kbd ( setfont - ).

, , consolechars. console-tools, , setfont kbd.

. , ACM (Application Charset Map). Unicode . ACM. SFM Screen Font Map. SFM ACM . SFM Unicode .

.

512 . , SFM. , , fallback . 1, 2,... " ", 1 " ", 2 "<". fallback . graph.fallback, : 

+==================.
|       |
+------------------+
| 1.          |
| 2.        |
.==================.

.

Unicode. 8 . Unicode, , Unicode Unicode. ACM . 8 Unicode unicode_start unicode_stop.

: ? ? , . , . ( linux-koi8r), ( ) - - VGA, , , cp437 ( cp866 cp437). cp437 (cp866).

, 8- . Linux Unicode. ACM, SFM. 8- (screen map). ( ) ( ). koi2alt.trans KOI8-R cp866. , 8- screen map ACM.

console-tools kbd :

  1. SFM. consolechars ( console-tools) setfont mapscrn ( kbd).
  2. ACM ( 8- ) fallback-.
  3. loadkeys.

.

/usr/share/consolefonts /usr/lib/kbd/consolefonts, ACM, SFM fallback /usr/share/consoletrans, /usr/share/keymap/i386/qwerty.

. SFM fallback , ACM 8- . , kbd console-tools cp866 SFM. Linux , console-tools-cyrillic .

consoletools

console-tools.

, consoletools, (, ): 

foo="//////"
loadkeys $foo/ru.map
consolechars -v -f $foo/Cyr_a8x16 -m $foo/koi2alt

Control ( "" Alt ).

. console-tools-cyrillic .

kbd

Linux kbd . kbd.

kbd , , .

kbd :

  1. loadkeys. , , ( Redhat /usr/sbin/kbdconfig). loadkeys ~/.profile .
  2. . setfont. /usr/lib/kbd/consolefonts. : Linux setfont X-Window . .

, PC ( Midnight Commander), Alt (console character map). , Alt , , KOI8-R , Alt . , Alt .

, . 

loadkeys /usr/lib/kbd/keytables/ru.map
setfont /usr/lib/kbd/consolefonts/Cyr_a8x16
mapscrn /usr/lib/kbd/consoletrans/koi2alt
#    
echo -ne "\033(K"


echo -ne "\033(K"


for i in 1 2 3 4 5 6 7; do echo -ne "\033(K" > /dev/tty$i; done

-

, Alt . , . , , kbd.

, , .

bash ( bash) tcsh ( tcsh) - , , Control. , . 'q' "", 'w' "", . (qwerty->).

, Linux, - Alt Caps Lock - .

, ( US) . : 

loadkeys /usr/lib/kbd/keytables/defkeymap.map
setfont /usr/lib/kbd/consolefonts/default8x16

: Linux , X-Window. , , X ( ), .

, "" ?

- , ESC-. :

: 

$ echo -ne "\033c"

, : 

# echo -ne "\033c" >/dev/ttyX

downloaded font 

$ echo -ne "\033(K"

(, , ...)

- , curses, 

$ stty sane

RedHat reset; setsysfont <ctrl-j>

reset - ncurses

. 'man console_codes' 'man stty'

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