, , - . 30- . , , " " . . "" : , . , : , . "" , , , , , . - " " (Pictures from Brueghel, 1962, . .) - , . , , " " . , , . , . , . ., , . - " " (The Farmer's Daughters, 1961) : " " (The White Mule), " " (In the Money) "" (The Build-Up), 1937 1952 . ( ) ", " (Many Loves And Other Plays, 1961). . (Winthrop), (12.1.1588, , - 26.III.1649, , ) - , . , , , , . 1630 . "" , , , , 7 , . "" " " (A Model of Christian Charity, 1630), , . " ". , , . , , , . , " " (On Liberty, 1631). . , . "" (Journal), 1630 1649 . "" 1853 . " 1630 1649 ." (The History of New England from 1630 to 1649). . , , , . , "" , , " " . . (Wheatley), (. 1753, - 5.XII.1784, , ) - . 1761 . , . 8- , -. . , , . . - , , , . ( . ). . 1770 . 1773 . . . " " (Poems on Various Subjects, Religious and Moral), , , . . . , . . ( " ", . .) . - "" (Liberty) - " ". , XVII - XVIII ., . , . , , , . , " ", , . , , , 30 . . (Whitman), (31.V.1819, -, - - 26.III.1892, , -) - . , , , " ". , , - XX . - . . , . . . "", , , - , , , - XX . - ( , ), -. . ( - - ), , , , . - ( ). 1840- - 1850- . - , , , "" - . . - , - , " ... ". 4 1855 . , " " (Leaves of Grass). 9 . , , , "" , , . , . . " " (Song of Myself), " " (Song of the Open Road), " " (Song of the Broad Axe), (1855, 1856 1860). 1861-1865 . , " " (Drum-Taps) " " (When Lilacs Last in the Dooryard Bloom W) - . . , (" ", Passage to India .) , . , , 1891 . - . " " , . "" . " ? ? ?" - , , - . - , , , , , . , , , . , , - , . , , : , : " - , - ". - , , , . " " , , , , . : " , , ". . , , . , , , . , , " , , ". - , . , - " , , , , , ". " ", - : "" , . " " - " , , ", - . . , , , , ... : " - , ". , , . ", ", " , ... ". , "" : , . , , . . "" ( " " .) , - , , , . . , 1860-1870- ., " " (Democratic Vistas, 1871), -, . , , , , , . " ..." . , , , . " " : , , , , . , , , : . , . , , , , , , , (" "), "". - " , ". , , . , . "", , . , . - "" - " " , , , . : . , , , - , - . ( - . . , . , . . , . , . . , . . ). "" . XX . 1899 . . (Whittier), (17.XII. 1807, , - 7.IX. 1892, -, -) - , , , . : , , . , - "" . . - - XVII . . , , . , , , . " ", . . , , , " " (The Legends of New England in Prose and Verse, 1831), " " (Songs of Labor, 1850), " " (The Chapel of Hermits, 1853), "" (The Panorama, 1856), " " ( Ballads, Poems and Lyrics, 1860), " " (Barbara Fritchie), " " (Snow-Bound, 1866), , " " (Among the Hills, 1869), "" (Miriam and Other Poems, 1871), " " (At Sundown, 1892) . - , , , , . - , XIX . . "". , . . , . , 30- . XIX . . 30 , . : , . , , . , , , . -, -, -, -. , , , . , " ". -, . , , , " " (Massachusetts to Virginia, 1843) "" (Ichabod, 1850). , " " (Voices of Freedom, 1846), - , . : "-" (Moll-Pitcher, 1832), " " (Mogg Megone, 1836) " " (Leaves from Margaret Smith's Journal in the Province of Massachusetts Bay, 1872). , , . " " . . , " ", . 1888 . 7- . . (Walker), [] (. 9.II.1944, , ) - , , . -. , " , ", -, (1965), , "" (Once, 1968). " " (The Third Life of Grange Copeland, 1970), "" (Meridian, 1976), " " (The Color Purple, 1983, . . 1983); " " (In Love and Trouble, 1973), " " (You Can't Keep a Good Woman Down, 1981), " " (Revolutionary Petunias, 1974), " , , " (Good Night Willie Lee I'll See You in the Morning, 1979), " " (Horses Make a Landscape Look Beautiful, 1984), . , , " , " (In Search of Our Mothers' Gardens, 1983). : " , ". . , . , . . , . . , - . " " (" "). "", " - ", , , - . , " ", - 60-70- . " " , - , . "" , "" ( "", The Source), . - " ", . " ", , 70- ., - , " ". , , , , , . , , , . " ", " ", , "" "". , , "" : " ', , " (" , "). 1986 . - . . , (Ward, Artemus) - ; . (Brown) (26.IV.1834, , -6..1867, , ) - -, . 1858 . - - " " (Letters of Artemus Ward to Charles E. Wilson, 1858-1861) " " . . - , , (, ). , , . . , . , , . , " " (Audience with President Lincoln). : " : " (Artemus Ward: His Book with Many Comic Illustrations, 1862), " : " (Artemus Ward: His Travels, 1866), " " (Artemus Ward in London, and Other Papers, , 1867). 1860 . . "-", , , " " (genteel tradition). , , . 1866-1867 . , "". "". . . , , "" , . . "" , "" . , , " ", , . . . . (Warren), (24.IV. 1905, , - 15.IX.1989, , ) - , , " ", " ". (, , 1921-1925), (), , " " (. . . . , . ). , 20- . "" (Fugitive), , , . . , , , , - . - " " (I'll Take My Stand, 1930), "" - - , "". - , "" ,- , . " " . " " (World Enough and Time, 1950), " ". , 30- . , "" . " " . , , . , , . , - " " (Night Rider, 1939) - , "" , . , " ", , , . . , . " " , , , , XX . , , , , . "" (The Cave, 1959) - " " (A Place To Come To, 1977), -, , , . ( - 12 ) (., , " ", Bearded Oaks). "" (Promises, 1957) " " (Now and Then, 1978) . , , - " " (All the King's Men, 1946, . ., . . 1968). , ( - ) . , , , , , , . , , . ., ( ) , (- ) , . . . . , - , . - , . " ", , , , (, ). . , , , . , . , , . : , . . 1978-1980 . , 1975 - " " (Democracy and Poetry), : " " (. 40- . . " ", Understanding Fiction, " ", Understanding Poetry), . . (Wharton), (24.1.1861, - - 11.VIII.1937, ---, . ) - , . : . . ; , . ; . , . , . 1891 ., 1899 . - " " (The Greater Inclination). 20 , , . - " " (The Valley of Decision, 1902). " ". XVIII . , , , , , ( , ), . . 1900-1920 .: " " (The House of Mirth, 1905), " " (The Fruit of the Tree, 1907), " " (Ethan Frame, 1911), " " (The Custom of the Country, 1913), " " (The Age of Innocence, 1920, . .) . " " - . - , , , , "". " ", , , . , , . " " . " " . . . " " : . , , , , . " ", , . - . , , . , . - . . " " -. , , - , "". , , . , . ; . " " , 1870 . , - . . 1920-1930 . ^ ; " ". ,