. " " (Corn Law Rhymes, 1831). - ( ), - , . "". . , . , ; , . , . , , : ", , !". , , , , : , , ! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , ... , . ( . ) " ", " ": ; . - - - . - - - - - - - . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , , , . , , . ( . ) (Thomas Cooper, 1815-1892), -, . ', " ". " " , , . 1877 . (Poetical Works). " " (The Purgatory of Suicides, 1845), . , , , . - , . ( " " " -" {. . . . ., . V, . 32.}). 3  30-40- , , -. , , " " {. . . , . 243.}. , . , , . , . , , , , , . , , , . - 1847-1848 . , , . , , , , . " ", . . , , , . " ", : , - , . , . ( . . ) {*} {* , , . . .} , , . ' " " (The Northern Star) "" (The Labourer) . . " " (The London Democrat), " ", " " (The Democratic Review) " " (The Red Republican), " " (The Friend of the People) "__ " (The Star of Freedom); " " (Notes to the People), " " (People's Paper) ; ' 10 . , , , , , . ( ) . , , (, , " " - "The London Chartist Monthly Magazine", - "") , . , . , , . . ' - - " ", , , , . - - . , . . - , . , - . , . . . , . . , . ", - , - __, __ ; "" ", " {. . . , . 243.}. . : " . . ( ) ... - , - ... , , - ?". - XVIII-XIX . (1847). , , , - . . , . , , "" 1847 . : " ... , , , , , ". . , , , , , . . . " , - "", - , . ". , , , . , , , , , , , . , " " , . . , , , , . . . : . , , ( ) , , . , , , . , , , . , 50- , , , . . , . - . : , , , , , , , , , . . , . - " " " ", . , . , : , . : , , . , - , , - . - 1839, 1842 1848 . - . * * * , 1843 . . 1838-1842 . . , , , " , , . , , , . , : " {. . . , . 44.}. . . , , - -. , . , 80- XVIII , , , , "" . , . , , , " ", . , , : "... " " " " , " , ", , , , " ". " " , ". , " " , , , , , " " , , " - !", 90- XVIII ", ". - " ", . , . . , , , , . XIX , ( ) . , , , . , , , . , . . , . , , 20- - 30- XIX 1832 . , 1842 ., . , , . 1842 ., . . , , , . " ", " ". 20- . , , : " , !" , , , ; , , : " "... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ! : , , , . " ..." . . . , , , , - , , - , ! , ! . , , . . . , . , , . , , , . , . . . ( , ) , , . , . , . - , , . . , . . 20--30- XIX , , ; . , . . . . , , . - ( ) , -. - , . - . , , . "", -. , . , . , . " " (1839) , , . - , , . . . ? ( -), , , , . - , . , , . , , . 1839 1842 ., . . . , " " . , , -, . . "", " ", " "; . , . - . " ", , , , . . (Davenport) " - " " ": , ; , . , , , . , . , , . , . 1840 . " " , , , ", ". , - ! , - . , - ! , , , . . . . . . . . . . . . . , - ! ; , - ! , , , , . , , . - . , , : , , . , . , , 1838-1842 ., _____ , . . , . , . , "" (Radford) : , - - , , , , , - . . , , (Jota), . ; - , . , : . , , - , . ; ; , , , - ! . , 1841 . " ", , : , , , , , - , - , - ... , . , , . - . , , , . , , , , - . , ( , , ) - . , . , . , , . -, , . , . , - . . , , , . . - - . , . " " , " ", , . : , , , . "" "" , - XVIII - XIX , . , "", "", "", "" . " ": , , ! , , , . , , ! , ! . . " ?", 1842 . " ". - , , . - , - , . - , ; , , , . , , ,