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Network Working Group Request for Comments: 2068 Category: Standards Track R. Fielding UC Irvine J. Gettys J. Mogul DEC H. Frystyk T. Berners-Lee MIT/LCS YAnvar' 1997.

PROTOKOL PEREDACHI GIPERTEKSTA
HTTP/1.1

Gorazdo udobnee smotret' eto v Internet Explorer 4.0 i vyshe, chem v chem-libo eshche...

O perevode.

|des' predstavlen perevod dokumenta RFC 2068 na russkij yazyk. Pri perevode ya pol'zovalsya lichnym opytom i zdravym smyslom, poetomu v nekotoryh mestah chitatel', znakomyj s originalom, mozhet zametit' nesushchestvennye otlichiya. YA izo vseh sil pytalsya pridat' udobochitaemyj vid, no v nekotoryh mestah vy vstretite predlozheniya, napisannye "krivo" (eto svyazano libo s "tehnichnost'yu" teksta, libo s moimi problemami v russkom yazyke). Ubeditel'naya pros'ba : esli vstretite opechatki, oshibki, ili u vas poyavyatsya predlozheniya po uluchsheniyu otdel'nyh fraz ili celyh fragmentov - soobshchite mne po adresu Leshik@omsk.com.

YA otdayu sebe otchet v tom, chto nekotorye terminy, vozmozhno, perevedeny nekorrektno. Pri somneniyah ya dobavlyal anglijskie terminy v kruglyh skobkah. Naprimer: zapros (request).

|tim perevodom ya ne presledoval kommercheskih celej, poetomu ya ne nesu otvetstvennosti za nesootvetstvie russkogo perevoda anglijskomu originalu. Esli Vy zhelaete poluchit' adekvatnyj perevod etogo dokumenta (ili kakogo-libo drugogo po komp'yuternoj tematike), to ya mogu ego pererabotat' v sootvetstvii s Vashimi trebovaniyami za opredelennuyu platu (eto svyazano s moim tyazhelym finansovym polozheniem kak studenta).

Aleksej Simonov.

TEKSTOVAYA VERSIYA ZDESX.

ORIGINAL ZDESX.

Status dannogo dokumenta.

|tot dokument opredelyaet protokol dorozhki standartov Interneta dlya semejstva Interneta, i prednaznachen dlya obsuzhdeniya i predlozhenij po usovershenstvovaniyu. Pozhalujsta obratites' k tekushchemu izdaniyu "Oficial'nye standarty protokolov Internet" (STD 1) dlya vyyasneniya sostoyaniya standartizacii i sostoyaniya etogo protokola. Rasprostranenie dannogo dokumenta neogranicheno.

Referat.

Protokol peredachi Giperteksta (HTTP) - protokol prikladnogo urovnya dlya raspredelennyh, sovmestnyh, mnogosrednyh informacionnyh sistem. |to obshchij, platformno-nezavisimyj, ob®ektno-orientirovannyj protokol, kotoryj mozhet ispol'zovat'sya vo mnogih zadachah, takih kak servera imen i raspredelennye sistemy upravleniya ob®ektami, posredstvom rasshireniya metodov zaprosa.

Vozmozhnost' HTTP - eto pechat' i obsuzhdenie predstavleniya dannyh, pozvolyayushchee stroit' sistemy nezavisimo ot peredavaemyh dannyh.

HTTP ispol'zuetsya v World Wide Web (WWW) nachinaya s 1990 goda. |ta specifikaciya opredelyaet protokol, upominaemyj kak "HTTP/1.1".

Soderzhanie.

1. Vvedenie.

2. Pis'mennye soglasheniya i obobshchennaya grammatika.

3. Parametry protokola.

3.1 Versiya HTTP.
3.2 Universal'nye Identifikatory Resursov (URI).

3.3 Formaty daty/vremeni.

3.3.1 Polnaya data.
3.3.2 Raznost' sekund (delta seconds).

3.4 Kodovye tablicy (character sets).
3.5 Kodirovanie soderzhimogo (content codings).
3.6 Kodirovanie peredachi (transfer codings).
3.7 Media tipy (Media Types).

3.3.1 Kanonizaciya i predopredelennye znacheniya tipa text.
3.3.2 Tipy Multipart.

3.8 Leksemy programm (Product Tokens).
3.9 Kachestvennye znacheniya (Quality Values).
3.10 Metki yazykov (Language Tags).
3.11 Metki ob®ektov (Entity Tags).
3.12 Edenicy izmereniya diapazonov (Range Units).

4. HTTP soobshchenie (HTTP Message).

5. Zapros (Request).

5.1 Stroka zaprosa (Request-Line).

5.1.1 Metod (Method).
5.1.2 Zaprashivaemyj URI (Request-URI).

5.2 Resurs, identificiruemyj zaprosom.
5.3 Polya zagolovka zaprosa.

6. Otvet (Response).

6.1 Stroka sostoyaniya (Status-Line).

6.1.1 Kod sostoyaniya i poyasnyayushchaya fraza.

6.2 Polya zagolovka otveta.

7. Ob®ekt (Entity).

7.1 Polya zagolovka ob®ekta.
7.2 Telo ob®ekta.

7.2.1 Tip (Type).
7.2.2 Dlina (Length).

8. Soedineniya (Connections).

8.1 Postoyannye soedineniya (Persistent Connections).

8.2 Trebovaniya k peredache soobshchenij.

9. Opredeleniya metodov (Method Definitions).

9.1 Bezopasnye i Idempotent Metody.

9.1.1 Bezopasnye metody.
9.1.2 Idempotent metody.

10. Opisaniya kodov sostoyaniya.

10.1 1xx - Informacionnye kody.

10.1.1 100 Prodolzhat', Continue.
10.1.2 101 Pereklyuchenie protokolov, Switching Protocols.

10.2 2xx - Uspeshnye kody.

10.2.1 200 OK.
10.2.2 201 Sozdan, Created.
10.2.3 202 Prinyato, Accepted.
10.2.4 203 Ne avtorskaya informaciya, Non-Authoritative Information.
10.2.5 204 Net soderzhimogo, No Content.
10.2.6 205 Sbrosit' soderzhimoe, Reset Content.
10.2.7 206 CHastichnoe soderzhimoe, Partial Content.

10.3 3xx - Kody perenapravleniya.

10.3.1 300 Mnozhestvennyj vybor, Multiple Choices.
10.3.2 301 Postoyanno perenesen, Moved Permanently.
10.3.3 302 Vremenno peremeshchen, Moved Temporarily.
10.3.4 303 Smotret' drugoj, See Other.
10.3.5 304 Ne modificirovan, Not Modified.
10.3.6 305 Ispol'zujte proksi-server, Use Proxy.

10.4 4xx - Kody oshibok klienta.

10.4.1 400 Isporchennyj Zapros, Bad Request.
10.4.2 401 Nesankcionirovanno, Unauthorized.
10.4.3 402 Trebuetsya oplata, Payment Required.
10.4.4 403 Zapreshcheno, Forbidden.
10.4.5 404 Ne najden, Not Found.
10.4.6 405 Metod ne dozvolen, Method Not Allowed.
10.4.7 406 Ne priemlem, Not Acceptable.
10.4.8 407 Trebuetsya ustanovlenie podlinnosti cherez proksi-server, Proxy Authentication Required.
10.4.9 408 Isteklo vremya ozhidaniya zaprosa, Request Timeout.
10.4.10 409 Konflikt, Conflict.
10.4.11 410 Udalen, Gone.
10.4.12 411 Trebuetsya dlina, Length Required.
10.4.13 412 Preduslovie neverno, Precondition Failed.
10.4.14 413 Ob®ekt zaprosa slishkom bol'shoj, Request Entity Too Large.
10.4.15 414 URI zaprosa slishkom dlinnyj, Request-URI Too Long.
10.4.16 415 Nepodderzhivaemyj media tip, Unsupported Media Type.

10.5 5xx - Kody oshibok servera.

10.5.1 500 Vnutrennyaya oshibka servera, Internal Server Error.
10.5.2 501 Ne realizovano, Not Implemented.
10.5.3 502 Oshibka shlyuza, Bad Gateway.
10.5.4 503 Servis nedostupen, Service Unavailable.
10.5.5 504 Isteklo vremya ozhidaniya ot shlyuza, Gateway Timeout.
10.5.6 505 Ne podderzhivaemaya versiya HTTP, HTTP Version Not Supported.

11. Ustanovlenie podlinnosti dostupa.

12. Obsuzhdenie soderzhimogo (Content Negotiation).

... Prodolzhenie sleduet ...

Copyright © 1998 Alex Simonoff (http://www.omsk.com/Leshik/), All Rights Reserved.

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